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2023年7月22日 · In the post-tragic we have fully faced the tragic and live within it, but are able to transcend and transform it. The move from pre-tragic to tragic is simply the movement in which we—to borrow Robert Jay Lifton’s phrase—“face the apocalypse.”. We step out of the potentially fatal illusion that things will just continue on as they are ...
Description. David J. Temple: "A think tank co-founded and led by two old and dear friends, Marc Gafni and Zak Stein, together with Ken Wilber. Its mission has been to evolve the source code of consciousness and culture as the primary response to the looming threat of existential and catastrophic risk. Core to evolving the source code is the ...
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Garrett Hardin, in a classic and often quoted essay, had argued that the Commons inevitably leads to the abuse of common resources. The author himself "has criticized misinterpretations of his work with the lament that "The title of my 1968 paper should have been The Tragedy of the Unmanaged Commons.(cited here ) Please also read this Refutation of...
"The tragedy of the commons is a type of social trap that involves a conflict over resources between individual interests and the common good. The term derives originally from a parable published by William Forster Lloyd in his 1833 book on population. It was then popularized and extended by Garrett Hardin in his 1968 Science essay "The Tragedy of ...
Maebh O’Gorman: "The ‘tragedy of the commons’ refers to the situation when individuals, acting rationally intheir own self‐interest, nonetheless act irrationally as a collective group by irreparablydepleting a resource that is owned in common. The current climate change crisis is anexample of ‘the tragedy’ on a global scale. In the same way that a ...
1. "Hardin explains his “Tragedy of the Commons in the following way. “Picture a pasture open to all. It is to be expected that each herdsman will try to keep as many cattle as possible on the commons. “As a rational being, each herdsman seeks to maximize his gain. The rational herdsman concludes that the only sensible course for him to pursue is t...
See also the in-depth discussion in The Tragedy of the “Tragedy of the Commons”. By Achim Lerch.(was at www.boell.org/downloads/Lerch_Tragedy.pdf - gone away 2017)
The mainstream 'Leviathan' approach proposed by Ophuls
Maebh O'Gorman: "The mainstream approach to tackling ‘tragedy of the commons’ issues relies upon controland coercion by a centralised institution. This Leviathan model is favoured by scholars, suchas Ophuls, who believe that the participants are incapable of solving the problemthemselves. This however is disputed by Ostrom who argues that that approach assumesaccuracy of information while ignoring the costs of its administration.8 Ostrom’s polycentricapproach advocates enabling the users of t...
Ugo Mattei: "Tragedy of the Commons: Two World Views in Conflict Competition v. Cooperation "As Adam Smith put it, “We are not ready to suspect any person of being defective in selfishness.” To put is quite simply, this is the central assumption underpinning Hardin’s analysis. Only the crude application of the model of homo oeconomicus , an individual maximizer of short-time utility, explains the results (and academic success) of the so-called “tragedy of the commons.” In fact, the well known...
Original article at https://science.sciencemag.org/content/162/3859/1243.fullEssay by Elinor Ostrom: Coping with Tragedies of the CommonsRefutation of the Tragedy of the Commons; The Non-Tragedy of the CommonsThe Global Dialogue Institute offers a number of core documents to guide the dialogue process (related to interfaith dialogue). The Dialogue Decalogue consists of ten “commandments” for engaging in deep dialogue, which are as follows:
Ruth Catlow is an artist, academic and activist (b. 1968, London) who works with emancipatory network cultures, practices and poetics. Her work often evolves new forms and frameworks for collaboration with other artists, techies, writers, activists – thinkers and doers- in the context of network cultures. She is co-founder and artistic director, with Marc Garrett, of Furtherfield for arts ...
Elinor Ostrom and her team of social scientists successfully dispelled the myth, established as truth by Garrett Hardin’s “ Tragedy of the Commons ,” of the superiority of private property rights in resource management. She demonstrated through an overwhelming amount of empirical evidence that cooperative property arrangements are in fact successful, and that Hardin’s case rather than ...
This is the understanding of the commons promoted and vilified by Garrett Hardin. It is closer to the truth to say that historically the commons has been a limited-access space managed by a distinct community according to its social norms, which excluded individual benefit at the expense of the community, whether referring to grazing rights or catching fish. Boyle comments that one might say ...
