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Definition. "People’s organizations (POs), unlike NGOs, are established by and represent sectors of the population like small farmers, artisanal fisherfolk, slum dwellers and others. POs take a wide variety of forms and exist at various levels. - Community-based organizations (CBOs) mobilize and represent local populations and directly ...
- Mobility and Flexibility
- Access to Means of Coercion
- Access to Food and Other Resources
- Sharing
- Sanctions on The Accumulation of Personal Possessions
- The Transmission of Possessions Between People
- Leadership and Decision-Making
In all these six societies nomadism is fundamental. Thereare no fixed dwellings, fixed base camps, fixed stores, fixed hunting or fishingapparatus-such as stockades or weirs-or fixed ritual sites to constrainmovements. People live in small camp units containing usually a dozen or twopeople and moving frequently. These small nomadic camp units are a...
Another important factor in this context is the accesswhich all males have to weapons among the !Kung, Hadza, Mbuti and Batek.Hunting weapons are lethal not just for game animals but also for people. There are serious dangers in antagonising someone: he might choose simply tomove away but if he feels a strong sense of grievance that his rights have...
I have already discussed how, within the generalpattern of nomadic movement, individuals are able to avoid constraint by theirfreedom to detach themselves from others at a moment's notice withouteconomic or other penalty. But let us now look more closely at the rightswhich individuals enjoy without which such action would not be practicable.What ar...
The genuine equality of opportunity that individuals enjoy in theiraccess to resources, limited only by the division of labour between the sexes,does not, of course, ensure equality of yield. The quantities of all the variousitems which individuals obtain, either on their own or jointly with otherpeople, vary greatly depending on skill, on luck, on...
Clothing, tools, weapons,smoking pipes, bead ornaments and other similar objects are personally heldand owned. At least in the case of the three African societies, they are in generalrelatively simple objects, made with skill but not elaborately styled or decoratedand not vested with any special significance. They can be made or obtainedwithout gre...
Hadza use a distinctive methodfor transmitting such personally owned objects between people which hasprofound consequences for their relationships. In any large camp men spendmost of their time gambling with one another, far more time than is spentobtaining food. They gamble mainly for metal-headed hunting arrows, bothpoisoned and non-poisoned, but...
In these societies there are either no leaders at all orleaders who are very elaborately constrained to prevent them from exercisingauthority or using their influence to acquire wealth or prestige.12 A Hadza campat any particular time is often known by the name of a well-known man thenliving in it. But thisindicates only that the man is well enough...
Apomediation theory conceptualizes that “apomediaries” (which includes Web 2.0 approaches) can partly take over the role of the intermediary and “push” or “guide” users to relevant and accurate information. The Web 2.0 environment is essentially an “apomediated environment”, with all the issues affecting related to apomediation ...
From a Computer Science Perspective. (see also the P2P FAQ ) "Generally, a peer-to-peer (or P2P) computer network refers to any network that does not have fixed clients and servers, but a number of autonomous peer nodes that function as both clients and servers to the other nodes on the network. This model of network arrangement is contrasted ...
2008年5月26日 · While Internet is an old technology, since it was first deployed in the U.S. in 1969, it was only in the 1990s, with the invention of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee and the privatization of the Internet by the U.S. Defense Department, that it became a mass medium. From 9 million users in 1995 it went to over 1 billion users in 2007.
2024年5月2日 · They are outliers. Henrich explains: WEIRD people are highly individualistic, self-obsessed, control-oriented, nonconformist, and analytical. We focus on ourselves — our attributes, accomplishments, and aspirations — over our relationships and social roles. We aim to be “ourselves” across contexts and see inconsistencies in others as ...
2020年11月25日 · Helen Pluckrose: "Greg Lukianoff and Jonathan Haidt described this entire method as a form of reverse Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. CBT teaches people not to catastrophize and not to read negative meanings into everything. This decreases anxiety and improves one’s functioning in the world. Applied Post-modernism trains people to do precisely ...
