搜尋結果
Daiyō kangoku ( 代用監獄) is a Japanese legal term meaning "substitute prison". Daiyō kangoku are detention cells found in police stations which are used as legal substitutes for detention centers, or prisons.
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- Funding and Methodology
- Publishing
- Preparation
- Events
- Interpretation and Reproducibility of Results
- Legacy
- Ethical Concerns
- Similar Studies
- References
- Further Reading
The official website of the SPE describes the experiment goal as follows: A 1996 article from the Stanford News Service described the experiment goal in a more detailed way: The study was funded by the US Office of Naval Research to understand anti-social behaviour. The United States Navy and the United States Marine Corpswanted to investigate conf...
Prior to publishing in American Psychologist and other peer-reviewed journals, the researchers reported the findings in Naval Research Reviews, International Journal of Criminology and Penology (IJCP), and the New York Times Magazine. David Amodio, psychology instructor at both New York University and the University of Amsterdam, dismissed Zimbardo...
Recruitment and selection
After receiving approval from the university to conduct the experiment, study participants were recruited using an ad in the "help wanted" section of the Palo Alto Times and The Stanford Dailynewspapers in August 1971: Seventy-five men applied, and, after screening assessments and interviews, 24 were selected to participate in a two-week prison simulation. The applicants were predominantly white, middle-class, and appeared to be psychologically stable and healthy.The group of subjects was int...
Prison environment
The day before the experiment began, small mock prison cells were set up to hold three prisoners each. There was a small corridor for the prison yard, a closet for solitary confinement, and a bigger room across from the prisoners for the guards and warden.: 1–2 The experiment was conducted in a 35 ft (11 m) section of the basement of Jordan Hall, Stanford's psychology building. The prison had two fabricated walls: one at the entrance and one at the cell wall to block observation. Each cell (7...
Roles
Zimbardo took on the role of the Superintendent, and an undergraduate research assistant, David Jaffe, took on the role of the Warden. Digitized recordings available on the official SPE website were widely discussed in 2017, particularly one where warden David Jaffe tried to influence the behavior of one of the guards by encouraging him to participate more and be more "tough" for the benefit of the experiment.
Saturday, August 14: Set up
The small mock prison cells were set up, and the participants who had been assigned a guard role attended an orientation where they were briefed and given uniforms.
Sunday, August 15: Day 1
The participants who had been assigned a prisoner role were mock-arrested by the local Palo Alto police at their homes or assigned sites.: 2–5 The participants were intentionally not informed that they would be arrested, as the researchers wanted it to come as a surprise. This was a breach of the ethics of Zimbardo's own contract that all of the participants had signed. The arrest involved charging them with armed robbery and burglary, Penal Codes 211 and 459 respectively. The Palo Alto polic...
Monday, August 16: Day 2
Guards referred to prisoners by their identification and confined them to their small cells. At 2:30 am the prisoners rebelled against guards' wake up calls of whistles and clanging of batons. Prisoners refused to leave their cells to eat in the yard, ripped off their inmate number tags, took off their stocking caps and insulted the guards. In response, guards sprayed fire extinguishers at the prisoners to reassert control. The three back-up guards were called in to help regain control of the...
According to Zimbardo's interpretation of the SPE, it demonstrated that the simulated-prison situation, rather than individual personality traits, caused the participants' behavior. Using this situational attribution, the results are compatible with those of the Milgram experiment, where participants complied with orders to administer seemingly dan...
One positive result of the study is that it has altered the way US prisons are run. For example, juveniles accused of federal crimes are no longer housed before trial with adult prisoners, due to the risk of violence against them.[better source needed] Zimbardo submitted a statement to the 1971 US House Committee on the Judiciaryabout the experimen...
Some of the guards' behavior allegedly led to dangerous and psychologically damaging situations. Ethical concerns surrounding the experiment often draw comparisons to the Milgram experiment, conducted ten years earlier in 1961 at Yale University, where Stanley Milgram studied obedience to authority.With the treatment that the guards were giving to ...
In 1967, The Third Wave experiment involved the use of authoritarian dynamics similar to Nazi Party methods of mass control in a classroom setting by high school teacher Ron Jones in Palo Alto, California with the goal of vividly demonstrating to the class how the German public in World War II could have acted in the way it did.Although the veracit...
Haney, C.; Banks, W. C.; Zimbardo, P. G. (1973). "A study of prisoners and guards in a simulated prison". Naval Research Review. 30: 4–17.Haslam, S. A.; Reicher, S. D. (2003). "Beyond Stanford: questioning a role-based explanation of tyranny". Dialogue (Bulletin of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology). 18: 22–25.Haslam, S. A.; Reicher, S. D. (2006). "Stressing the group: social identity and the unfolding dynamics of responses to stress". Journal of Applied Psychology. 91 (5): 1037–1052. doi:10.1037/0021-90...Haslam, S. A.; Reicher, S. D. (2012). "When prisoners take over the prison: A social psychology of resistance". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 16 (2): 154–179. doi:10.1177/10888683114198...Fernandez, Ismael; Triola, V. V. (2021). "Analysis of 'A Study of prisoners and guards in a simulated prison'". Medium.Haslam, A.; Reicher, S. (2008). "Science and society: How has Zimbardo responded to our work?". Bbcprisonstudy.org. The BBC Prison Study.Zimbardo, P. G. (2004). "Quiet Rage". purl.stanford.edu. Palo Alto, Calif.: Stanford Digital Repository.The Hippocratic Oath is an oath of ethics historically taken by physicians. It is one of the most widely known of Greek medical texts. In its original form, it requires a new physician to swear, by a number of healing gods, to uphold specific ethical standards.
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Ghislaine Noelle Marion Maxwell ( / ˌɡiːˈleɪn, - ˈlɛn / ghee-LAYN, -LEN; born 25 December 1961) [5] [6] is a British former socialite and convicted sex offender. [7] . In 2021, she was found guilty of child sex trafficking and other offences in connection with the deceased financier and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. [8] .
