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- Definition
- Origin
- History
- Breeds and Brands
- Characteristics of Wagyu Beef
- Wagyu Beef Grades
- International Wagyu
- References
Wagyu means "Japanese cattle" and is not the name of a breed of cattle. Japanese native cattle became almost extinct after the Meiji Restoration (1868), mainly as a result of crossbreeding with European breeds, with exceptions such as the Mishima cattle. There are only a few hundred Japanese native cattle, and meat from these cattle is rarely sold ...
In 1927, fossils of an ancient wild cattle, Hanaizumi Moriushi (Leptobison hanaizumiensis), dating from the Paleolithic period about 20,000 years ago, were discovered at the Hanaizumi Site in Ichinoseki City, Iwate Prefecture. The Hanaizumi Moriushi is a species similar to the bison and is said to be close to the steppe bison (Bison priscus) lineag...
Cattle were brought to Japan from the Korean Peninsula or China, but archaeological and genetic studies have proposed different dates for their arrival, ranging from around A.D. to the 5th century.
Brands
Today, each region in Japan has its own brand of Wagyu beef, numbering more than 320. The first Wagyu beef to gain a reputation was Kobe beef, already famous since the 1860s and known to foreign countries through foreign residents. Ōmi beef also had a reputation since the Meiji era (1868-1912) for its delicious taste. In the Taisho era (1912-1926), Matsusaka beef also became well known. These were originally Tajima cattle, and calves were purchased from the Tajima region, fattened in each reg...
One of the primary characteristics of Wagyu beef is the fine marbling of fat within the red meat, known as sashi, and the high ratio of intramuscular fat. However, of the four Wagyu breeds, only the Japanese Black breed has this characteristic, while the other three breeds do not have a high degree of marbling. The degree of marbling varies dependi...
Beef grades indicate the quality of the meat, and in Japan they are determined based on the "Beef Carcass Trade Standards" established with the approval of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Two grades are used to determine the rating, one is the yield grade and the other is the meat quality grade. The yield grade is divided into ...
Australia
The Australian Wagyu Association is the largest breed association outside Japan. Both fullblood and Wagyu-cross cattle are farmed in Australia for domestic and overseas markets, including Taiwan, China, Canada, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the U.K., France, Germany, Denmark and the U.S. Australian Wagyu cattle are grain fed for the last 300–500 days of production.[citation needed] Wagyu bred in Western Australia's Margaret Riverregion often have red wine added to their feed as w...
United States
In the United States, some Japanese Wagyu cattle are cross-bred with American Angus stock. Meat from this cross-breed is marketed as "American-Style Kobe Beef", or "Wangus", although many American retailers simply (inaccurately) refer to it as Wagyu. Wagyu were first competitively exhibited at the National Western Stock Show in 2012.Other U.S. Wagyu breeders have full-blooded animals directly descended from original Japanese bloodlines, that are registered through the American Wagyu Association.
Canada
Wagyu cattle farming in Canada appeared after 1991 when the Canadian Wagyu Association was formed. Wagyu style cattle and farms in Canada are located in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador.Canadian Wagyu beef products are exported to the US (including Hawaii), Australia, New Zealand, and Europe.
Agricultural Bureau of Agriculture and Commerce, ed. (1884). 畜産諮詢会紀事 [Livestock Advisory Board Bulletin] (in Japanese). Agricultural Bureau of Agriculture and Commerce. doi:10.11501/841936.Gakuno-sha, ed. (1884). "雑報" [general news]. Agriculture Magazine (in Japanese). No. 207. doi:10.11501/1597967.Dainippon Fisheries Association, ed. (1886). 大日本水産会報告 [Report of the Dainippon Fisheries Association] (in Japanese). Dainippon Fisheries Association. doi:10.11501/1761390.Pastoral Magazine, ed. (1892). "東京府下屠獣状況" [Slaughterhouse Situation in Tokyo]. Pastoral Magazine (in Japanese). No. 85. Pastoral Magazine. doi:10.11501/11209674.BlackRock, Inc. is an American multinational investment company. It is the world's largest asset manager, with $10 trillion in assets under management as of December 31, 2023[update].[1] Headquartered in New York City, BlackRock has 78 offices in 38 countries, and clients in 100 countries. BlackRock is the manager of the iShares group of ...
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