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The Republican Party, also known as the GOP (Grand Old Party), is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.It emerged as the main political rival of the Democratic Party in the mid-1850s.The party was founded in 1854 by anti-slavery activists who opposed the Kansas–Nebraska Act, an act which allowed for the potential expansion of chattel slavery into the ...
Creation and naming A cartoon threatening that the KKK will lynch scalawags (left) and carpetbaggers (right) on March 4, 1869, the day President Grant takes office.Tuscaloosa, Alabama, Independent Monitor, September 1, 1868. Six Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee, created the original Ku Klux Klan on December 24, 1865, shortly after the Civil War, during the Reconstruction of the South.
- Early Life and Education
- Economic Career
- Presidencies
- Academic Work
- Other Activities
- Recognition
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Shafik was born in Alexandria, Egypt, to Muslim parents who were both educators. Her father was a scientist and wealthy landowner. As a child, she went to Schutz American School. When she was four, the Egyptian government nationalized (brought into public ownership) her father's property and the family moved to Savannah, Georgia in the mid-1960s, t...
After Oxford, Shafik joined the World Bank and held a variety of roles, starting in the research department where she worked on global economic modelling and forecasting and then later on environmental issues. She moved to do macroeconomic work on Europe and the Middle East where she published a number of books and articles on the region's economic...
London School of Economics
On 12 September 2016, it was announced that Shafik had been appointed as the next Director of the London School of Economics, replacing sociologist Craig Calhoun. She took up the post on 1 September 2017. During Shafik's directorship of the LSE, levels of academic casualisation increased, with the number of academics on fixed term contracts increasing from 55 percent in 2016 through 2017 to 59 percent in 2021 through 2022, according to Higher Education Statistical Agency data. This rise occur...
President of Columbia University
On 18 January 2023, Columbia University's board of trustees announced Shafik's appointment as president of the university. She became president of Columbia University on 1 July 2023.Her inauguration occurred on 4 October 2023. After the Israel–Hamas conflict intensified in October 2023, and an altercation concerning an Israeli student lead to legal action, Shafik issued a statement saying that if "speech is unlawful or violates University rules, it will not be tolerated". While some, includin...
Shafik has authored Prospects for the Middle East and North African Economies: from Boom to Bust and Back? (1998) and What We Owe Each Other: A New Social Contract for a Better Society (2021). She was also the editor of Economic Challenges Facing Middle Eastern and North African Countries(1998). She has written articles for publications including O...
Shafik has chaired several international consultative groups including: the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor, the Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme, the Global Water and Sanitation Program, Cities Alliance, InfoDev, the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility, and the Global Corporate Governance Forum. She served on a numbe...
Shafik was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the June 2015 Queen's Birthday Honours. She was named "GG2 Woman of the Year" in 2009. She was named as one of Forbes 100 most powerful women in 2015and received the 100 Women in Finance European Industry Leaders Award in 2019. She was gazetted as Baroness Shafik, of Camde...
Shafik married economist Mohamed El-Erian in 1990 during their time working for the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, respectively. In 2002, Shafik married her second husband, scientist Raffael Jovine, with whom she has twin children and three stepchildren. Her daughter Olivia Jovine graduated from Columbia University's urban planning pro...
"New top civil servant for DFID". DFID.gov.uk. 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.Since the 1850s, its main political rival has been the Republican Party.The Democratic Party was founded in 1828. Martin Van Buren of New York played the central role in building the coalition of state organizations that formed a new party as a vehicle to elect Andrew Jackson of Tennessee.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov [b] (22 April [ O.S. 10 April] 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, [c] was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and political theorist who was the founder and first leader of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1917 until his death in 1924, and of the Soviet Union from 1922 ...
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The Hello Kitty murder case (Chinese: Hello Kitty藏屍案; Jyutping: Hello Kitty cong4si1ngon3; lit. 'Hello Kitty hidden body case') took place in Hong Kong in the spring of 1999, when a nightclub hostess was abducted in Lai Yiu Estate, tortured and raped in an apartment in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, after stealing a wallet owned by one of her frequent customers.
