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Eurofighter Typhoon variants. The Eurofighter Typhoon is a European multinational twin-engine, supersonic, canard delta wing, multirole fighter. [3] [4] The Typhoon was designed originally as an air-superiority fighter [5] and is manufactured by a consortium of Airbus, BAE Systems and Leonardo that conducts the majority of the project through a ...
Hurricane Katrina. Hurricane Katrina was a devastating and deadly Category 5 Atlantic hurricane that caused 1,392 fatalities and damages estimated at $186.3 billion (2022 USD) in late August 2005, particularly in the city of New Orleans and its surrounding area. [1] Katrina was the twelfth tropical cyclone, the fifth hurricane, and the third ...
- Overview
- History
- Reception
- Studies
- See Also
- Further Reading
Common /pol/ content involves discussion of history, far-right ideologies, hatred of black people, hatred and sexual exploitation of women and girls and current news. A 2020 report categorized about 36% of news sources frequently posted to the board by American users as "junk news", a category that includes sources considered to be propaganda, sens...
Prior to the creation of /pol/, there were two boards intended for discussing news that had been added and removed from the site. The first of these was /n/, which was added on 8 April 2006. It replaced /n/'s previous topic of animals and nature, which was moved to the /an/ board. /n/'s topic was changed to transportation on 19 February 2008, witho...
/pol/ has been characterized as predominantly racist and sexist, with many of its posts taking explicitly alt-right and neo-Nazi points of view. In particular, the board is infamous for the prevalence of antisemitic threads and memes. One common antisemitic meme on /pol/ is the Happy Merchant. Southern Poverty Law Center regards /pol/'s rhetorical ...
Influence
A 2017 quantitative analysis found that /pol/ was an important influencer of news content on Twitter, with the board contributing 3% of mainstream news links and 1.96% of alternative news links on Twitter (as a fraction of all links co-appearing on Twitter, Reddit, and 4chan). The researchers concluded that "'fringe' communities often succeed in spreading alternative newsto mainstream social networks".
Content and userbase
According to a 2017 longitudinal study, using a dataset of over 8million posts, /pol/ is a diverse ecosystem with users well-distributed around the world. The percentage of posts containing hate speech ranges from 4.15% (e.g., in Indonesia, Arab countries) to 30% (e.g., China, Bahamas, Cyprus). Elevated use of hate speech is seen in Western European countries (e.g., Italy, Spain, Greece, and France). They also examined raids performed by /pol/ users against other platforms, particularly YouTu...
Research design
A study published in New Media & Society in January 2022 discussed the interactions between /pol/ users and the researchers who study their community. The study observed the reactions of /pol/ users to a research workshop dedicated to studying them. The researchers suggested that studies that aim to learn about the /pol/ community and its users should take into account (for research designpurposes) that they may be aware of observation by external entities, "rather than seeing it as a communi...
Jokubauskaitė, Emilija; Peeters, Stijn (2020). "Generally Curious: Thematically Distinct Datasets of General Threads on 4chan/Pol/". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Soci...Crawford, Blyth; Keen, Florence; de-Tangil, Guillermo Suarez (15 December 2020). "Memetic Irony and the Promotion of Violence within Chan Cultures" (PDF). Centre for Research and Evidence on Securi...Hagen, Sal (2020). Digital Media Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology. "'Trump Shit Goes into Overdrive': Tracing Trump on 4chan/pol/". M/C Journal. 23 (3). doi:10.5204/mcj.1657. hd...Jin, J.; Williams, E.; Lams, S.; Savas, O.; Hohman, E.; Bosch-Ruiz, M.; Rodrigues, P. (5 November 2020). "Analysis of evolution of meme trends on 4chan.org's /pol/ board via image clustering" (PDF)...4chan is an anonymous English-language imageboard website. Launched by Christopher "moot" Poole in October 2003, the site hosts boards dedicated to a wide variety of topics, from video games and television to literature, cooking, weapons, music, history, anime, fitness, politics, and sports, among others. Registration is not available and users ...
8kun, previously called 8chan, Infinitechan or Infinitychan (stylized as ∞chan ), is an imageboard website composed of user-created message boards. An owner moderates each board, with minimal interaction from site administration. [1] The site has been linked to white supremacism, neo-Nazism, the alt-right, racism and antisemitism, hate crimes ...
Reddit (/ˈrɛdɪt/) is an American social news aggregation, content rating, and forum social network. Registered users (commonly referred to as "Redditors") submit content to the site such as links, text posts, images, and videos, which are then voted up or down by other members. Posts are organized by subject into user-created boards called ...
Source: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey [3] FAA [4] John F. Kennedy International Airport [a] ( IATA: JFK, ICAO: KJFK, FAA LID: JFK) is a major international airport serving New York City and its metropolian area, in the state of New York, United States. The airport is the busiest of the seven airports in the New York airport system ...
