2015
搜尋結果
A widely taken approach is what’s known as a psychological continuity view of the self, where the self is a consciousness with self-awareness and personal memories. Sometimes these approaches frame the self as a combination of mind and body, as René Descartes did, or as primarily or solely consciousness.
Taken as a whole, the process vTaiwan has created amounts to a rethinking of how citizens send signals on complex issues, and how government listens and decisions result. Consensus-building combined with facilitation to derive “coherent, blended volition,” (as worded by Audrey Tang) can renew the value of public discourse, and leverage the ...
First and foremost, Piratbyrån is since its beginning in 2003 an ongoing conversation. We are reflection (sic) over questions regarding copying, information infrastructure and digital culture. Within the group, using our own different experiences and skills, as in our daily encounters with other people.
- Definition
- Typology
- Citation
- Specific Commons
- Discussion
- Advocacy Groups
Discussing the Definition
Anthony McCann: "There are perhaps three primary ways in which the notion of the “information commons” has beentaking shape since Felsenstein’s seminal 1993 article promoting the notion of a “Commons ofInformation”. The first two have been developing in direct response to the demands anddiscourses of public library practice, first in the United States, and now internationally. Allmang etal. (2005) note in the context of library practice, for example, that a generally accepted meaningof “infor...
"Two commons exist, which differ from the traditional definition insofar as they are not a finite resource: the contents (i.e. the global commons of information and know-how available on the web) and the access (i.e. the information and communication technologies (ICTs) ensuring the availability of information regardless of time and location)."(htt...
The information commons is an idea whose time has come. In part this is a result of pressuresthat face the commons. Issues related to intellectual property law in particular are leading to whatmany are now calling the enclosure of the information commons - a process that separatespeople from ideas. This process is analogous to the fencing off of th...
The construction of the Information Commons takes many forms, the most important being the automatic process of knowledge exchange and cooperative production on the internet/web itself. But there are many specialized inititiaves to construct specialized areas, such as initiatives around access to scientific journals, the creation of specialized Int...
INSTITUTIONAL FORMAT OF INFORMATION COMMONS: THE PUBLIC DOMAIN
Definition and problematic of the public domain: “The public domain is a space where intellectual property protection does not apply. When copyrights and patents expire, innovations and creative works fall into the public domain. They may then be used by anyone without permission and without the payment of a licensing fee. Publicly owned national parks are also considered by many to be public domain lands. Because of the extensions of the terms of both copyrights and patents, and the privatiz...
THE POLITICS OF THE INFORMATION COMMONS
- Bifo, an Italian radical writer, on the private appropriation of collective knowledge: “The attempt at coercive privatization of collective knowledge has encountered resistance everywhere. Since intellectual labour is at the center of the productive scene, the merchant no longer possesses the juridical or material means to impose the principle of private property. When immaterial goods can be reproduced at will, the private appropriation of goods make no sense. In the sphere of semiotic cap...
THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PHYSICAL COMMONS
"The environment isn't just about nature anymore. It has become a metaphor for a battle against market — and sometimes governmental — encroachment that extends to virtually every corner of our society. Everything is up for grabs. Everything is for sale. Politicians and the media are essentially oblivious, just as they were oblivious to the threats to the environment before Rachel Carson wrote Silent Spring, about the dangers of the pesticide DDT. There isn't even a word for this encroachment...
The Information Commons Movement
Anthony McCann: "The term has become a bannerof action for a concerted lobby group of public policy activists and legal scholars from all over theUnited States, centred primarily in and around the civic communities of Washington D.C. Evenmore specifically, some of the most intense lobbying for the concept of the “informationcommons” can be located around a series of interconnected websites, in particularhttp://www.info-commons.org, and http://onthecommons.org. The first is the website of theI...
Associated Movements
The Free Culture movement at http://www.freeculture.org The Participatory Culture Foundation, formerly Downhill Battle, at http://participatoryculture.org/ The anti-DMCA group fights the free speech restrictions inherent in the Digital Millenium Copyright Act, at http://www.anti-dmca.org/ The Center for Digital Democracy, at http://www.democraticmedia.org/is a nonprofit organization working to ensure that the digital media systems serve the public interest. The French group Vecam, at http://w...
All that is required is the taking of “tribute” by force, regardless of how and by whom this tribute is produced. Therefore, any agricultural society that possesses a state must be tributary as all it requires is a direct producer and an armed ‘extractor’.
The "grass-roots localisation movement that has grown around the world since it took off in the UK five years ago. In those five years, founder of the “Transition movement” Rob Hopkins says it has not only produced countless local economic and ecological innovations, but also rekindled the sense of community all-too-often eroded over recent ...
In the old parts of the city the streets were true commons. Some people sat on the road to sell vegetables and charcoal. Others put their chairs on the road to drink coffee or tequila. Others held their meetings on the road to decide on the new headman for the neighbourhood or to determine the price of a donkey.
