搜尋結果
e. The Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID‑19 vaccine, sold under the brand names Covishield [31] and Vaxzevria [1] [32] among others, is a viral vector vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19. It was developed in the United Kingdom by Oxford University and British-Swedish company AstraZeneca, [33] [34] [35] using as a vector the modified chimpanzee ...
Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. Located in the south-east of Scotland, it is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth estuary and to the south by the Pentland Hills. With a population of 506,520 in mid-2020, Edinburgh is the second-largest city in Scotland by population and the seventh-largest in the ...
The smallpox vaccine is the first vaccine to have been developed against a contagious disease. In 1796, British physician Edward Jenner demonstrated that an infection with the relatively mild cowpox virus conferred immunity against the deadly smallpox virus.
- Childhood
- Accession
- Regency
- Personal Rule
- Last Years
- Assessment and Legacy
- References
Baldwin was born in mid-1161. His parents were Amalric, then the count of Jaffa and Ascalon, and Agnes of Courtenay. Baldwin's godfather was his paternal uncle, King Baldwin III, who joked that his christening present was the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The king was young and recently married, making a nephew's accession seem unlikely; yet Baldwin III di...
Upon Amalric's death, the High Court convened to discuss the succession. Though he had not yet been diagnosed the High Court must have been aware of the royal physicians' suspicions that Baldwin had contracted leprosy. Yet there was no viable alternative. Baldwin was the King's only son; from his second marriage Amalric had two daughters, of which ...
Until he reached the age of majority, which was 15 in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Baldwin needed a regent to rule in his name. The government was initially assumed by the seneschal, Miles of Plancy. Shortly thereafter Count Raymond III of Tripoli arrived in Jerusalem and succeeded in claiming regency as the King's closest kinsman. Miles was murdered ...
On the second anniversary of his coronation, 15 July 1176, Baldwin reached the age of majority and Raymond's regency lapsed. At the suggestion of his mother, the King appointed his loyal and capable maternal uncle, Joscelin of Courtenay, to the office of seneschal and arranged for him to marry a rich heiress, Agnes of Milly. The change in governmen...
Progressing disability
Baldwin could not walk unsupported or use his hands from 1183. Because of an inability to blink, his cornea dried and he became blind. He nevertheless had to summon his troops in response to Saladin's march south following the Egyptian conquest of Aleppo in June. The King then developed a life-threatening fever. He was attended by his mother and the new patriarch, Heraclius, at nearby Nazareth. Having summoned the High Court to his bedside, Baldwin entrusted the government to his brother-in-l...
Brother-in-law's insubordination
The question of regency for his nephew troubled Baldwin. The only way to ensure that Guy could not claim it was to have his marriage to Sibylla annulled. Baldwin discussed this with the patriarch, Heraclius.The King may have intended to claim that he had forced his sister to marry Guy and that the marriage was unlawful because of that. Sibylla's unwavering loyalty to Guy thwarted his plans, as the couple refused to appear at court. Early in 1184 Baldwin ordered Guy to attend him as vassal in...
Last months, death and aftermath
In late 1184 Baldwin was shocked to learn about Guy's massacre of the Beduin of the royal fief of Darum, who were under royal protection and who provided information about the Egyptians' movements. He soon developed a fever. When he returned to Jerusalem in late 1184 or early 1185, Baldwin bestowed regency on Raymond of Tripoli, the man whom he had never trusted, but to whom he could find no better alternative. At the time he expected to survive the illness, having done so twice before, but w...
Christian defeat at Hattin two years after Baldwin's death marred the King's legacy, with historians tracing fatal discord to Baldwin's reign. Yet, while Baldwin was on the throne, the kingdom lost no territory and flourished economically and spiritually. Baldwin understood the importance of curbing Saladin's power, which was reflected in his choic...
Bibliography
1. Hamilton, Bernard (2000). The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521017473. 2. Mitchell, Piers D. (2000). "An evaluation of the leprosy of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem in the context of the medieval world". The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. By Hamilton, Bernard. Cambridge University Press. pp. 245–258. ISBN 9780521017473. 3. Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1973). The feudal no...
An Ebola vaccine was approved by the US FDA in December 2019. The virus spreads through direct contact with body fluids, such as blood from infected humans or other animals, [1] or from contact with items that have recently been contaminated with infected body fluids. [1] .
t. e. The Nanjing Massacre [1] or the Rape of Nanjing (formerly romanized as Nanking [note 2]) was the mass murder of Chinese civilians in Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, immediately after the Battle of Nanking and the retreat of the National Revolutionary Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War, by the Imperial Japanese Army.
Frequency. 30 (wild) + 856 (vaccine-derived) in 2022 [4] Poliomyelitis ( / ˌpoʊlioʊˌmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss ), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion ...
