搜尋結果
Using data collected from an original survey of over 600 ride-hailing drivers in two Chinese cities, the roles of the state and capital, as well as their interactions in shaping capital's control over the platform reserve army in China, are clarified.
P2P是指被创造的如下的生产方式： - 通过生产者（他们可以取得所分配的资本）之间的自由合作产生使用价值：这就是对等生产模式，“第三种生产模式”，不同于国有企业的公营或营利性生产。 其产品不具有市场上的交换价值，而在使用者团体中具有使用价值。 - 其过程和决策由生产者团体自行管理，而不受市场分配或企业管理层级的支配。 这就是P2P管理模式，或“第三种管理模式”。 - 通过新的财产公有机制，使这种使用价值可被广泛的自由使用：这就是其分配或“物权模式”：“第三种所有权模式”，不同于私有财产或公共（国有）财产。 P2P的基础结构. 需要什么来推动该点对点模式的出现呢？ 首要的要求是技术基础结构的存在，该技术基础结构在点对点的模式上运行，并允许“对‘固定’资本进行分布式访问”。
Nokia released a phone costing $800 a decade ago. Meanwhile, what we believed were “Shangzhai” phones made in China actually triumphed where Nokia failed by offering a phone for $200. Phone makers continued to roll out new models and improvements to make ends meet, rather than to live up to noble ideas.
- Development of Ideas About Demographic Cycles
- A Synthetic Theory of Secular Cycles
- Variations and Extensions
- Empirical Approaches
Peter Turchin et al.: "The modern science of population dynamics begins with the publicationin 1798 of An Essay on the Principleof Population by Thomas Robert Malthus.Malthus pointed out that when population increases beyond the means ofsubsistence, food prices increase, real wages decline, and per capita consumption, especially among the poorer st...
"It is clear that neither purelydemographic nor purely class conflict explanations of secular cycles workvery well when confronted with data. On the other hand, a synthetic theorythat incorporates both of these (and some other) processes may provide uswith a viable hypothesis that can be tested with data. The idea is that secularcycles can only be ...
"The theory should, in principle, be applicable to any agrarian society. one of the most important characteristics of oscillatory dynamics, (is) the average periodof a cycle. Secular cycles are not periodic in the strictly mathematical sense, inwhich each succeeding cycle repeats exactly the preceding one. Macrosocial dynamics of agrarian states ca...
The main goal of this book is to determine how well the predictions ofthe demographic-structural theory map onto empirically observed patternsin the studied historical societies. The synthetic theory, described in section 1.2, has four fundamental variables: population numbers (in relation to the carrying capacity), social structure (specifically, ...
Voyage from Yesteryear. = Voyage from Yesteryear is a 1982 science fiction novel by the author James P. Hogan. It explores themes of anarchism and the appropriateness of certain social values in the context of high-technology. [1]
The long waves or 'long cycles' terminology is most often used for the Kondratieff Cycles, economic cycles that take about 50 years in their ascending and descending (or stagnation) phases. In contrast, there are Very Long Cycles such as the Hegemonic Cycle, the latter being a political cycle related to great power dynamics.
This chapter examines it in relation to Karl Marx’s theory of the Asiatic mode of production (AMP). It considers the issue of Marx’s theory of the AMP and its relation to the well-field system in ancient China.
