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South Africa. South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa ( RSA or R.S.A. ), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline that stretches along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; [17] [18] [19] to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe;
The first modern humans are believed to have inhabited South Africa more than 100,000 years ago. [1] In 1999, UNESCO designated the region the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage site. [2] South Africa's first known inhabitants have been referred to as the Khoisan, the Khwe and the San.
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- Topographical Divisions
- Regional Divisions
- Climate
- Climate Change
- Environmental Issues
- Extreme Points
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Like much of the African continent south of the Sahara, South Africa's landscape is dominated by a high Central Plateau surrounded by coastal lowlands. This plateau is rimmed by the Great Escarpment which extends northwards to about 10° south of the Equator (i.e. into Angola in the west, and the Muchinga Escarpment in Zambia in the east.)
Highveld
The Central Plateau is divided into several distinctly different regions (though with very vague boundaries), largely as a result of the rainfall distribution across South Africa: wet in the east and increasingly drier and more arid in the west. The wettest and most fertile portion of the Central Plateau is the Highveld, which occupies the central eastern portion of the Plateau. It is generally between 1,500 – 2,100 m above sea level, highest on the edge of the Escarpment to the east (the Mpu...
Lowveld
The South African portion of the coastal strip between the Limpopo and Mpumalanga Drakensberg and the ocean, together with the Limpopo River valley, is called the Lowveld. These lowlands, below about 500 m (1,640 ft) altitude, form South Africa's northern border with Botswana and Zimbabwe, where a 180‑million-year-old failed rift valley cuts into Southern Africa's central plateau and locally obliterates the Great Escarpment. The Limpopo and Save rivers run from the central African highlands v...
Bushveld
The Lowveld partly overlaps with a dry savanna ecoregion known as the Bushveld, a basin characterized by open grasslands with scattered trees and bushes. Elevation varies between 600 metres and about 900 metres above sea level. The Bushveld is one of the largest and best known layered igneous mineral complexes in the world. Covering an area roughly 350 kilometres by 150 kilometres, the Bushveld has extensive deposits of platinum and chromium and significant reserves of copper, fluorspar, gold...
South Africa is largely a dry country, with most of its western regions being semi-desert. The rainfall increases in the east, (the Highveld, KwaZulu-Natal, and the Eastern Midlands), and falls primarily in summer. The narrow southern coastal strip receives all-year rainfall in the east (the Garden Route), and winter rainfall in the west (on the Ca...
Climate change in South Africa is expected to bring considerable warming and drying to much of this already semi-arid region, with greater frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as heatwaves, flooding and drought. According to computer generated climate modelling produced by the South African National Biodiversity Institute parts of...
South Africa has lost a large area of natural habitat in the last four decades, primarily due to overpopulation, sprawling development patterns and deforestation during the 19th century. South Africa is one of the worst affected countries in the world when it comes to invasion by alien species with many (e.g. black wattle, Port Jackson willow, Hake...
This is a list of the extreme points of South Africa, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location in the country. Including the Prince Edward Islands 1. Northernmost Point: Over Vlakte farm, Vhembe District Municipality, Limpopo Province (22°7′40″S 29°39′20″E / 22.12778°S 29.65556°E / -22.12778; 29.65556 (Nort...
Kleynhans, CJ, Thirion, C and Moolman, J (2005). "A Level I River Ecoregion classification System for South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Report No. N/0000/00/REQ0104" (PDF). Resource Quality Serv...(PDF). 29 November 2007 https://web.archive.org/web/20071129042702/http://academic.sun.ac.za/botzoo/mucina/ProcIAVS_Bushveld.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2007. Retrieved 10...Wolfgang E. ELSTON. "THE PROTEROZOIC BUSHVELD COMPLEX, SOUTH AFRICA: PLUME, ASTROBLEME OR BOTH?" (PDF). Mantleplumes.org. Retrieved 10 August 2018.. 6 February 2007 https://web.archive.org/web/20070206131850/http://www.plantzafrica.com/frames/vegfram.htm. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2018. {{cite web}}: M...Southern Africa is the southernmost region of Africa. No definition is agreed upon, but some groupings include the United Nations geoscheme, the intergovernmental Southern African Development Community, and the physical geography definition based on the physical characteristics of the land.
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars. The economy of South Africa is a mixed economy, emerging market, and upper-middle-income economy, one of only eight such countries in Africa. [30] [31] [32] The economy is the most industrialized, technologically advanced, and diversified economy in Africa. [33]
The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of the African continent. It borders the countries of Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Eswatini, and entirely surrounds Lesotho . Chief Hintsa OF The Gcaleka Xhosa.
South Africa is known for its ethnic and cultural diversity. Almost all South Africans speak English to some degree of proficiency, in addition to their native language, with English acting as a lingua franca in commerce, education, and government.
