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Stella Chang ( Chinese: 張清芳; pinyin: Zhāng Qīngfāng; born 31 August 1966) is a Taiwanese singer who won the Golden Melody Award for Best Female Vocalist Mandarin twice. Chang debuted in 1985, and released over thirty albums. She married Sung Hsueh-jen in 2005. The couple moved to Hong Kong, where they raised two sons. [1] [2]
Peng was born in Liuyang, Hunan, in December 1929. She was admitted to the National Southwestern Associated University at 15. She graduated from Qinghua University and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1946. She held several positions in the CCP branches in public education institutions. She was assigned to the deputy secretary of the ...
Wang Peiyu. Wang Peiyu (born 4 March 1978) is a Chinese Peking opera singer-actress who plays old sheng (male) roles. A winner of the Plum Blossom Award and the Magnolia Stage Award, Wang Peiyu is also known for her innovative efforts to popularize Peking opera among young people. Helped by her androgynous looks and a strong social media ...
Wikipedia[note 3] is a free content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the use of the wiki-based editing system MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history.[3][4] It is consistently ranked as one of the ten most popular ...
- Characteristics
- History
- Alternative Definitions
- Implementations
- Trust and Security
- Communities
- Conferences
- Legal Environment
- References
- External Links
In their 2001 book The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web, Ward Cunningham and co-author Bo Leufdescribed the essence of the Wiki concept: 1. "A wiki invites all users—not just experts—to edit any page or to create new pages within the wiki web site, using only a standard 'plain-vanilla' Web browser without any extra add-ons." 2. "Wiki promot...
WikiWikiWeb was the first wiki. Ward Cunningham started developing WikiWikiWeb in Portland, Oregon, in 1994, and installed it on the Internet domain c2.com on March 25, 1995. It was named by Cunningham, who remembered a Honolulu International Airport counter employee telling him to take the "Wiki Wiki Shuttle" bus that runs between the airport's te...
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the word "wiki" was used to refer to both user-editable websites and the software that powers them; the latter definition is still occasionally in use. Wiki inventor Ward Cunningham wrote in 2014 that the word "wiki" should not be used to refer to a single website, but rather to a mass of user-editable pages or si...
Wiki software is a type of collaborative software that runs a wiki system, allowing web pages to be created and edited using a common web browser. It may be implemented as a series of scripts behind an existing web server or as a standalone application server that runs on one or more web servers. The content is stored in a file system, and changes ...
Controlling changes
Wikis are generally designed with the philosophy of making it easy to correct mistakes, rather than making it difficult to make them. Thus, while wikis are very open, they provide a means to verify the validity of recent additions to the body of pages. The most prominent, on almost every wiki, is the "Recent Changes" page—a specific list showing recent edits, or a list of edits made within a given time frame. Some wikis can filter the list to remove minor edits and edits made by automatic imp...
Trustworthiness and reliability of content
Critics of publicly editable wiki systems argue that these systems could be easily tampered with by malicious individuals ("vandals") or even by well-meaning but unskilled users who introduce errors into the content, while proponents maintain that the community of users can catch such malicious or erroneous content and correct it. Lars Aronsson, a data systems specialist, summarizes the controversy as follows: "Most people when they first learn about the wiki concept, assume that a Web site t...
Security
The open philosophy of wiki – allowing anyone to edit content – does not ensure that every editor's intentions are well-mannered. For example, vandalism (changing wiki content to something offensive, adding nonsense, maliciously removing content, or deliberately adding incorrect information, such as hoax information) can be a major problem. On larger wiki sites, such as those run by the Wikimedia Foundation, vandalism can go unnoticed for some period of time. Wikis, because of their open natu...
Applications
The English Wikipedia has the largest user base among wikis on the World Wide Web and ranks in the top 10 among all Web sites in terms of traffic. Other large wikis include the WikiWikiWeb, Memory Alpha, Wikivoyage, and previously Susning.nu, a Swedish-language knowledge base. Medical and health-related wiki examples include Ganfyd, an online collaborative medical reference that is edited by medical professionals and invited non-medical experts. Many wiki communities are private, particularly...
City wikis
A city wiki (or local wiki) is a wiki used as a knowledge base and social network for a specific geographical locale. The term 'city wiki' or its foreign language equivalent (e.g. German 'Stadtwiki') is sometimes also used for wikis that cover not just a city, but a small town or an entire region. A city wiki contains information about specific instances of things, ideas, people and places. Much of this information might not be appropriate for encyclopediassuch as Wikipedia (e.g. articles on...
WikiNodes
WikiNodes are pages on wikis that describe related wikis. They are usually organized as neighbors and delegates. A neighbor wiki is simply a wiki that may discuss similar content or may otherwise be of interest. A delegate wiki is a wiki that agrees to have certain content delegated to that wiki.One way of finding a wiki on a specific subject is to follow the wiki-node network from wiki to wiki.
Active conferences and meetings about wiki-related topics include: 1. Atlassian Summit, an annual conference for users of Atlassian software, including Confluence. 2. OpenSym (called WikiSym until 2014), an academic conferencededicated to research about wikis and open collaboration. 3. SMWCon, a bi-annual conference for users and developers of Sema...
Joint authorship of articles, in which different users participate in correcting, editing, and compiling the finished product, can also cause editors to become tenants in common of the copyright, making it impossible to republish without permission of all co-owners, some of whose identities may be unknown due to pseudonymous or anonymous editing. W...
Sources
1. Ebersbach, Anja (2008), Wiki: Web Collaboration, Springer Science+Business Media, ISBN 978-3-540-35150-4
Wiki at CurlieExploring with Wiki, an interview with Ward Cunninghamby Bill VernersMurphy, Paula (April 2006). Topsy-turvy World of Wiki. University of California.Baidu, Inc. (/ ˈ b aɪ d uː / BY-doo; Chinese: 百度; pinyin: Bǎidù; lit. 'hundred degrees') is a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services, headquartered in Beijing's Haidian District. It holds a dominant position in China's search engine market, and provides a wide variety of other internet services such as Baidu Baike (an online encyclopedia ...
Hidden Figures is a 2016 American biographical drama film directed by Theodore Melfi and written by Melfi and Allison Schroeder.It is loosely based on the 2016 non-fiction book of the same name by Margot Lee Shetterly about three female African-American mathematicians: Katherine Goble Johnson (Taraji P. Henson), Dorothy Vaughan (Octavia Spencer), and Mary Jackson (Janelle Monáe), who worked ...
