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In mathematics, the sieve of Eratosthenes is an ancient algorithm for finding all prime numbers up to any given limit. It does so by iteratively marking as composite (i.e., not prime) the multiples of each prime, starting with the first prime number, 2. The multiples of a given prime are generated as a sequence of numbers starting from that ...
The quadratic sieve consists of computing the remainder of a2 / n for several a, then finding a subset of these whose product is a square. This will yield a congruence of squares. For example, consider attempting to factor the number 1649. We have: . None of the integers is a square, but the product is a square.
In particle physics, the W and Z bosons are vector bosons that are together known as the weak bosons or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons. These elementary particles mediate the weak interaction; the respective symbols are W+ , W− , and Z0 . The W± bosons have either a positive or negative electric charge of 1 elementary ...
Gauge boson. In particle physics, a gauge boson is a bosonic elementary particle that acts as the force carrier for elementary fermions. [1] [2] Elementary particles whose interactions are described by a gauge theory interact with each other by the exchange of gauge bosons, usually as virtual particles . Photons, W and Z bosons, and gluons are ...
Boson sampling is a restricted model of non-universal quantum computation introduced by Scott Aaronson and Alex Arkhipov [1] after the original work of Lidror Troyansky and Naftali Tishby, that explored possible usage of boson scattering to evaluate expectation values of permanents of matrices. [2] The model consists of sampling from the ...
Parity. +1 [7] [8] The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, [9] [10] is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, [11] [12] one of the fields in particle physics theory. [12] In the Standard Model, the Higgs particle is a massive scalar boson with zero ...
Trent Alexander Boult (born 22 July 1989) is a New Zealand international cricketer who represents the New Zealand cricket team in all formats. He also plays in various T20 leagues around the globe as a fast bowler. He is regarded to be one of the best bowlers of all time and is known for his exploits with the new ball in limited overs cricket.
