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Synonyms Mus porcellus Linnaeus, 1758 Cavia cobaya Pallas, 1766 Cavia anolaimae J. A. Allen, 1916 Cavia cutleri Bennett, 1836 Cavia leucopyga Cabanis, 1848 Guinea pig defense sound The guinea pig or domestic guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), also known as the cavy or domestic cavy (/ ˈ k eɪ v i / KAY-vee), is a species of rodent belonging to the genus Cavia in the family Caviidae.
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- Major Christian Pilgrimage Route
- History
- Modern-Day Pilgrimage
- Gallery
- Selected Literature
- See Also
- External Links
The Way of St. James was one of the most important Christian pilgrimages during the later Middle Ages, and a pilgrimage route on which a plenary indulgence could be earned; other major pilgrimage routes include the Via Francigena to Rome and the pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Legend holds that St James's remains were carried by boat from Jerusalem to nor...
Pre-Christian history
The main pilgrimage route to Santiago follows an earlier Roman trade route, which continues to the Atlantic coast of Galicia, ending at Cape Finisterre. Although it is known today that Cape Finisterre, Spain's westernmost point, is not the westernmost point of Europe (Cabo da Roca in Portugal is further west), the fact that the Romans called it Finisterrae (literally the end of the world or Land's End in Latin) indicates that they viewed it as such. At night, the Milky Wayoverhead seems to po...
Scallop symbol
The scallopshell, often found on the shores in Galicia, has long been the symbol of the Camino de Santiago. Over the centuries the scallop shell has taken on a variety of meanings, metaphorical, practical, and mythical, even if its relevance may have actually derived from the desire of pilgrims to take home a souvenir. One myth says that after James's death, his body was transported by a ship piloted by an angel, back to the Iberian Peninsula to be buried in what is now Santiago. As the ship...
Medieval route history
The earliest records of visits paid to the shrine at Santiago de Compostela date from the 9th century, in the time of the Kingdom of Asturias and Galicia. The pilgrimage to the shrine became the most renowned medieval pilgrimage, and it became customary for those who returned from Compostela to carry back with them a Galician scallopshell as proof of their completion of the journey. This practice gradually led to the scallop shell becoming the badge of a pilgrim. The earliest recorded pilgrim...
Although it is commonly believed that the pilgrimage to Santiago has continued without interruption since the Middle Ages, few modern pilgrimages antedate the 1957 publication of Irish Hispanist and traveller Walter Starkie's The Road to Santiago. The revival of the pilgrimage was supported by the Spanish government of Francisco Franco, much inclin...
Monument to pilgrims in BurgosA pilgrims hostel in Mansilla de las MulasA pilgrim on the barren and impressive meseta, which offers a long and challenging walkA pilgrim near San Juan de Ortega(Alphabetical by author's surname) 1. Carson, Anne (1987). Kinds of Water. 2. Coelho, Paulo (1987). The Pilgrimage. 3. Hemingway, Ernest (1926). The Sun Also Rises. 4. Hitt, Jack (1994). Off the Road: A Modern-Day Walk Down the Pilgrim's Route into Spain. 5. Kerkeling, Hape (2009). I'm Off Then: Losing and Finding Myself on the Camino de Santiago. ...
"The Art of medieval Spain, A.D. 500–1200, an exhibition catalog". The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries. pp. 175–183. (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Way of St. James
0 (zero) is a number representing an empty quantity. Adding 0 to any number leaves that number unchanged. In mathematical terminology, 0 is the additive identity of the integers, rational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers, as well as other algebraic structures. Multiplying any number by 0 has the result 0, and consequently, division ...
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