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Israel. Coordinates: 31°N. Israel, [a] officially the State of Israel, [b] is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia. It is bordered by Lebanon and Syria to the north, the West Bank and Jordan to the east, Egypt, the Gaza Strip and the Red Sea to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. [22] .
The Israel Central Bureau of Statistics defines the population of Israel as including Jews living in all of the West Bank and Palestinians in East Jerusalem but excluding Palestinians anywhere in the rest of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and foreign workers anywhere in Israel.
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The Birthright Israel program was founded in 1994 by philanthropists Charles Bronfman and Michael Steinhardt in cooperation with the Israeli government, the Jewish Agency for Israel, and Jewish diaspora communities, with the first program trip in 1999. The purpose of Birthright was to strengthen diaspora Jews' connection to Israel and increase a se...
To participate, individuals must have at least one parent of recognized Jewish descent or who have converted to Judaism through a recognized Jewish movement, and who do not actively practice another religion. They must also be between the ages of 18 and 26,have completed high school, have never traveled to Israel on a peer educational trip or study...
Trips are organized by different organizations and companies accredited by Birthright Israel, which sets the logistical, educational, and security standards. All groups are led by licensed Israeli tour guides and are accompanied by an armed security guard. Tours may vary according to age group and the religious background of the participants. Trips...
A Birthright Israel trip lasts for 10 days, including travel to and from Israel. Tours travel throughout Israel and Jerusalem to religious and cultural sites, including the Western Wall and the Dead Sea. Trips also often include a Mega Event for all participants featuring speeches by dignitaries, including the Israeli Prime Minister,and musical per...
The cost for each participant, approximately $4,500 as of 2020, is covered by a variety of funding sources. According to Birthright Israel, 67% of funding comes from individual donors, 27% from the Israeli government, 3% from Jewish federations, and 3% from the Jewish Agency. The program's largest individual donors have been Sheldon Adelson and Mir...
Impact on Jewish identity
Leonard Saxe of Brandeis University's Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies has evaluated the program's impact since its inception in 1999. As of 2020, findings include: 1. Birthright participants were 16 percentage points more likely to have a Jewish partner than similar nonparticipants. 2. Birthright increased participants’ likelihood of engagement in Jewish life. 3. One out of four Birthright participants marry another Birthright participant. Birthright has been called the most influentia...
Impact on Israeli economy
According to a study by Ernst and Young, Birthright Israel had contributed more than $1.1 billion to the Israeli economy by 2016, including $840 million in hotel, tourism, and flights revenue, and $325 million in participant spending. During the two main period when Birthright trips are operating, Birthright participants make up as many as 12% of tourists in the country. The cancellation of Birthright and other heritage trips due to COVID-19 cost the Israeli economy $200 million, according to...
Inspiration for other heritage trips
Birthright Israel has inspired similar heritage programs for other diasporas, including Birthright Armenia for the Armenian diaspora, ReConnect Hungary for young adults of the Hungarian diaspora in the U.S. and Canada, Birthright Greece for the Greek diaspora, and Domovina Birthright Program for Croatians. Birthright also loosely inspired CubaOne Foundationfor Cuban-Americans and Birthright Africa for young Americans of African descent, which was founded in 2015. In 2022, college basketball c...
Birthright trips have been described as a form of propaganda. Jewish Currents wrote, "Birthright has served as one of the most effective propaganda campaigns on behalf of the Israeli government and its occupation of the Palestinian territories."The organization has been scrutinized for the large proportion of its funding coming from major Trump and...
t. e. The history of ancient Israel and Judah spans from the early appearance of the Israelites in Canaan 's hill country during the late second millenium BCE, to the establishment and subsequent downfall of the two Israelite kingdoms in the mid-first millenium BCE. This history unfolds within the Southern Levant during the Iron Age.
The following lists are lists of countries by military spending as a share of GDP - more specifically, a list of the 15 countries with the highest share in recent years - the amount a country has spent on its military as a share of its GDP. The first list uses SIPRI as a source.
2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel. This article is about the 7 October attack on Israel by Hamas. For the war, see Israel–Hamas war. For other attacks during the war, see List of military engagements during the Israel–Hamas war.
The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing military and political conflict about land and self-determination within the territory of the former Mandatory Palestine.
