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本文旨在阐述一个概念性框架，一个“点对点理论”的导论部分，相信该框架可以足以使大家理解该新兴社会模式。 点对点（P2P）的定义. P2P不仅仅是简单发生在分布式网络里的任一行为或生产方式：它们特指旨在增加平等参与者最广泛参与的行为或方法。 我们将在研究P2P模式的特点时详细定义这些术语，以下是最普遍和最重要的一些特征： P2P是指被创造的如下的生产方式： - 通过生产者（他们可以取得所分配的资本）之间的自由合作产生使用价值：这就是对等生产模式，“第三种生产模式”，不同于国有企业的公营或营利性生产。 其产品不具有市场上的交换价值，而在使用者团体中具有使用价值。 - 其过程和决策由生产者团体自行管理，而不受市场分配或企业管理层级的支配。 这就是P2P管理模式，或“第三种管理模式”。
- Special Projects
- Civilizational Analysis and The Pulsation of The Commons
- Theory Projects
- Our Ebooks
- Our Printed Books
- Overview of P2P Transition Proposals
The Commons-Based Reciprocity LicenseA ongoing study of what macrohistorians have learned about the overall evolution of humanity, life, and the cosmos, in order to understand the role of the commons in human history: Here is our resource base: Annotated Bibliography on Civilizational Analysis Cycles Patterns Scenarios for the Future Civilizational and Ecological Collapse Biophysical ...
P2P Foundation Theory Project 1. General P2P Theory 2. P2P Hierarchy Theory 3. P2P Class Theory 4. Integral Theory
Bauwens, M., Kostakis, V., & Pazaitis, A. (2019). Peer to Peer: The Commons Manifesto (Book), London: Westminster University Press. Available as free e-book at: https://www.uwestminsterpress.co.uk/...The Commons Transition project]: ebook and siteEnglish: Network Society and Future Scenarios for a Collaborative Economy. By Vasilis Kostakis and Michel Bauwens. Palgrave, 2014.
This is a summary of our key structural arguments for commons/p2p-centric social change: 1. in capitalism there is a specific articulation of market/community (nation)/command (state) in which the market is dominant. 2. a commons-centric economy has a different articulation in which the communal mechanisms of pooling shared resources are dominant. ...
2009年7月20日 · Their novel initiative, called GreenXchange, aims to allow companies to share intellectual property for green product design, packaging, manufacturing, and other uses. If it succeeds, this budding coalition could accelerate innovation across companies and sectors.
Nokia released a phone costing $800 a decade ago. Meanwhile, what we believed were “Shangzhai” phones made in China actually triumphed where Nokia failed by offering a phone for $200. Phone makers continued to roll out new models and improvements to make ends meet, rather than to live up to noble ideas.
Cosmolocalism stands for a transformation in how we produce the stuff of life. It is a contested space with no guarantees. There are patent wars and appropriations of IP, the challenges in building and financing open source and open design start ups, creating urban commons ecosystems, and a variety of other challenges.
What we are living through, in short, is the Capitalocene — a distinct geological epoch in which the capitalist formula of “accumulation for accumulation’s sake” has penetrated into every nook and cranny of the planet’s biophysical environment, to the point where the survival of the capitalist system has come to constitute an existential threat ...
"Technical Disclosure Commons (TDCommons) ... is a website that hosts technical disclosures from various different companies and individuals. Many of these technical disclosures are defensive publications, published for the specific purpose of preventing subsequent patenting of those ideas.
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