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Description. Given a conductor or semiconductor with a temperature difference in the x -direction and a magnetic field B perpendicular to it in the z -direction, then a temperature difference can occur in the transverse y- direction, The Righi–Leduc effect is a thermal analogue of the Hall effect.
Rebecca Gayheart (born August 12, 1971) is an American actress and model. She began her career as a teen model in the 1980s and subsequently appeared in a student short film by Brett Ratner, with whom she had an extensive relationship. In the early 1990s, Gayheart signed a contract with Noxzema and became a spokesperson for the company.
Hall effect in semiconductors. When a current-carrying semiconductor is kept in a magnetic field, the charge carriers of the semiconductor experience a force in a direction perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current. At equilibrium, a voltage appears at the semiconductor edges.
Rebecca Broussard (born January 3, 1963) is an American former actress and model. She was born in Louisville, Kentucky. From 1987 to 1988, Broussard was married to Richard Perry, a record executive who produced albums for Harry Nilsson, Julio Iglesias, Ringo Starr and Carly Simon. She and Perry did not have children together.
- Principles
- Characteristics
- Materials
- Applications
- See Also
- Further Reading
In a Hall sensor, a fixed DC bias current is applied along one axis across a thin strip of metal called the Hall element transducer. Sensing electrodes on opposite sides of the Hall element along another axis measure the difference in electric potential (voltage) across the axis of the electrodes. The current's charge carriers are deflected by the ...
Directionality
Hall elements measure only the sensing axis component of the magnetic field vector. Because that axial component may be positive or negative, some Hall sensors can sense the binary direction of the axial component in addition to its magnitude. An additional perpendicularly-oriented Hall element (e.g. in § Dual Hall sensor ICs) must be incorporated to determine a 2-D direction, and another perpendicularly-oriented Hall element must be added to detect the full 3-D components of the magnetic fie...
Solid state
Because Hall sensor ICs are solid-state devices, they are not prone to mechanical wear. Thus, they can operate at much higher speeds than mechanical sensors and their lifespan is not limited by mechanical failure (unlike potentiometers, electromechanical reed switches, relays, or other mechanical switchesand sensors). However, Hall sensors can be prone to thermal drift due to changes in environmental conditions, and to time drift over the lifetime of the sensor. Hall effect devices (when appr...
Bandwidth
The bandwidth of practical Hall sensors is limited to the hundreds of kilohertz, with commercial silicon ones commonly limited to 10–100 kHz. As of 2016[update], the fastest Hall sensor available in the market has a bandwidth of 1 MHz but uses non-standard semiconductors.
The following materials are especially suitable for Hall effect sensors: 1. Gallium arsenide(GaAs) 2. Indium arsenide(InAs) 3. Indium phosphide(InP) 4. Indium antimonide(InSb) 5. Graphene
Hall effect sensors may be used in various sensors such as rotating speed sensors (bicycle wheels, gear-teeth, automotive speedometers, electronic ignition systems), fluid flow sensors, current sensors, and pressure sensors. Hall sensors are commonly used to time the speed of wheels and shafts (e.g. Figure 1), such as for internal combustion engine...
naveed, A.; Ihn, T.; Ensslin, K.; Papp, G.; Peeters, F.; Maranowski, K.; Gossard, A. C. (2006). "Classical Hall effect in scanning gate experiments" (PDF). Phys. Rev. B. 74 (16): 165426. Bibcode:20...Nave, R. "Hall Effect". Hyperphysics. Georgia State University Department of Physics and Astronomy. Retrieved 20 April 2021.In spacecraft propulsion, a Hall-effect thruster (HET) is a type of ion thruster in which the propellant is accelerated by an electric field. Hall-effect thrusters (based on the discovery by Edwin Hall) are sometimes referred to as Hall thrusters or Hall-current thrusters.
From 1986 to 1990, Pidgeon was the lead singer of the British folk/pop band Ruby Blue. She left the group shortly after they signed to a major record label. She released the album The Raven in 1994, followed by The New York Girls' Club (1996), and The Four Marys (1998), a collection of traditional Celtic folk songs.
