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Illinois (/ ˌ ɪ l ɪ ˈ n ɔɪ / IL-in-OY) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash and Ohio rivers to its south.
Website. chicago .gov. Chicago [a] is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census, [9] it is the third-most populous city in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles.
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- Pre-Columbian Era
- European Exploration and Colonization
- American Territory
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Cahokia, the urban center of the pre-Columbian Mississippian culture, was located near present-day Collinsville, Illinois. Several burial mounds and adobe structures were created in Southern Illinois across the Mississippi River from St. Louis. A gigantic mound, known as Monks Mound near Cahokia, is about the same height from its base as the Pyrami...
French explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet explored the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers in 1673. As a result of their exploration, the Illinois Country was part of the French empire until 1763, when it passed to the British, who later annexed the area to Canada in 1774. It was later ceded to the new United States in 1783 and became part o...
The Illinois-Wabash Company was an early claimant to much of Illinois. An early western outpost of the United States, Fort Dearborn, was established in 1803 (at the site of present-day Chicago), and the creation of the Illinois Territoryfollowed on February 3, 1809.
On December 3, 1818, Illinois became the 21st U.S. state. Early U.S. expansion began in the south part of the state and quickly spread northward, driving out the native residents. In 1832, some Native American "Indians" returned from Iowa but were driven out in the Black Hawk War, fought by militia. Illinois is known as the "Land of Lincoln" becaus...
In the 20th century, Illinois emerged as one of the most important states in the Union.[citation needed] Edward F. Dunne was a Chicago Democrat and leader of the progressive movement, who served as governor 1913–1917. He was succeeded by Frank O. Lowden, who led the war effort and was Republican presidential hopeful in 1920. Democrat Adlai Stevenso...
Ryan gained national attention in January 2003 when he commuted the sentences of everyone on or waiting to be sent to death row in Illinois—a total of 167 convicts—due to his belief that the death penalty was incapable of being administered fairly. Ryan's term was marked by scandals; he was convicted of corruption in federal court and sent to priso...
Most pre-1940 names have been selected from the WPA Guide This is a list of people from Illinois; people are not included if they left the state before beginning a career.
Adams, Jane (1994). The Transformation of Rural Life: Southern Illinois, 1890–1990. Univ of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4479-3.Angle, Paul M. (1935). Here I Have Lived: A History of Lincoln's Springfield, 1821–1865.Baringer, William E. (1949). Lincoln's Vandalia, a Pioneer Portrait. illustrated by Romaine Proctor. Rutgers University Press.Barnard, Harry (1938). "Eagle Forgotten": The Life of John Peter Altgeld.Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society(1908-1984) issues in JSTORFederal Writers' Project (1939). "Chronology". Illinois: A Descriptive and Historical Guide. American Guide Series. Chicago: A.C. McClurg & Co. – via Open Library.; Timeline of IllinoisThere are 102 counties in Illinois. The most populous of these is Cook County, the second-most populous county in the United States and the home of Chicago, while the least populous is Hardin County. The largest by land area is McLean County, while the smallest is Putnam County. Illinois's FIPS state code is 17 and its postal abbreviation is IL.
CountyFips Code [1]County Seat [2]Est. [2]1825181918171837Springfield is the capital city of the U.S. state of Illinois and the county seat of Sangamon County. The city's population was 114,394 at the 2020 census, which makes it the state's seventh most-populous city, [10] the second largest outside of the Chicago metropolitan area (after Rockford ), and the largest in central Illinois.
The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC, U of I, Illinois, or University of Illinois) is a public land-grant research university in the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, Illinois, United States. It is the flagship institution of the University of Illinois system
The Government of Illinois, under Illinois' Constitution, has three branches of government: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. The State's executive branch is split into several statewide elected offices, with the Governor as chief executive and head of state, and has numerous departments, agencies, boards and commissions.
