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In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs [1] that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation. [2] [3] They are located on the left and right in the retroperitoneal space, and in adult humans are about 12 centimetres ( 41⁄2 inches) in length.
Kidney disease, or renal disease, technically referred to as nephropathy, is damage to or disease of a kidney. Nephritis is an inflammatory kidney disease and has several types according to the location of the inflammation. Inflammation can be diagnosed by blood tests. Nephrosis is non-inflammatory kidney disease.
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What is a mammalian kidney?
What is kidney failure?
What medical terms are related to the kidneys?
What is considered a medical history of kidney disease?
Formation of urine. Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney. The kidney's ability to perform many of its functions depends on thethree fundamental functions of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion, whose sum is called renal clearance or renal excretion. That is:
The human urinary system, also known as the urinary tract or renal system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH.
The mammalian kidneys are a pair of excretory organs of the urinary system of mammals, being functioning kidneys in postnatal-to-adult individuals (i. e. metanephric kidneys). The kidneys in mammals are usually bean-shaped or externally lobulated.
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. This means that each separate nephron is where the main work of the kidney is performed. A nephron is made of two parts: a renal corpuscle, which is the initial filtering component, and a renal tubule filtered fluid.
Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels.
