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XEN1101 is a novel positive allosteric modulator ("opener") of the potassium channel KCNQ2/3 (Kv7.2/7.3) currently being developed by Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc. for the treatment of focal epilepsy. Potentiating the open state of KCNQ2/3 channels favors a hyperpolarized resting state. This mechanism has been clinically proven effective for focal ...
Viète. de Moivre. Euler. Fourier. v. t. e. In trigonometry, trigonometric identities are equalities that involve trigonometric functions and are true for every value of the occurring variables for which both sides of the equality are defined. Geometrically, these are identities involving certain functions of one or more angles.
- Etymology
- Phylogeny
- Significance and Applications
- Ecology
- Metabolism
- Symbiosis
- Pathogens
The element "gamma" (third letter of the Greek alphabet) indicates that this is Class III in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (Vol. II, page 1). Proteus refers to the Greek sea god who could change his shape. Bacteria (Greek βακτήριον; "rod" "little stick"), in terms of etymological history, refers to Bacillus(rod-shaped bacteria), but in...
Currently, many different classifications are based on different approaches, such as the National Center for Biotechnology Information, based on genomic, List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature , ARB-Silva Databasebased on ribosomal RNA, or a multiprotein approach. It is still very difficult to resolve the phylogeny of this bacteria...
Gammaproteobacteria, especially the orders Alteromonadales and Vibrionales, are fundamental in marine and coastal ecosystems because they are the major groups involved in nutrient cycling.Despite their fame as pathogens, they find application in a huge number of fields, such as bioremediation and biosynthesis. Gammaproteobacteria can be used as a m...
Gammaproteobacteria are widely distributed and abundant in various ecosystems such as soil, freshwater lakes and rivers, oceans and salt lakes. For example, they constitute about 6–20% (average of 14%) of bacterioplankton in different oceans, and they are distributed world-wide in both deep-sea and coastal sediments. In seawater, bacterial communit...
Gammaproteobacteria are metabolically diverse, employing a variety of electron donors for respirationand biosynthesis. Some groups are nitrite-oxidizers and ammonia oxidizers like the members of Nitrosococcus (with the exception of Nitrosococcus mobilis) and they are also obligate halophilic bacteria. Others are chemoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizers, l...
Symbiosis is a close and a long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms. A large number of Gammaproteobacteria are able to join in a close endosymbiosis with various species. Evidence for this can be found in a wide variety of ecological niches: on the ground, within plants, or deep on the ocean floor. On the land, it...
Gammaproteobacteria include several medically and scientifically important groups of bacteria, such as the families Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae. A number of human pathogens belong to this class, including Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and some species of Salmonella. The class ...
Thickened fluids. Thickened fluids and thickened drinks are often used for people with dysphagia, a disorder of swallowing function. [1] The thicker consistency makes it less likely that individuals will aspirate while they are drinking. Individuals with difficulty swallowing may find that liquids cause coughing, spluttering, or even aspiration ...
Ho-Kwang (Dave) Mao ( Chinese: 毛河光; pinyin: Máo Héguāng; Wade–Giles: Mao Ho-kuang; born June 18, 1941) is a Chinese-American geologist. He is the director of the Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research in Shanghai, China. [2] He was a staff scientist at Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution for ...
Clot retraction is the "shrinking" of a blood clot over a number of days. In doing so, the edges of the blood vessel wall at the point of injury are slowly brought together again to repair the damage that occurred. Clot retraction is dependent on the release of multiple coagulation factors from platelets trapped in the fibrin mesh of the clot.
Charles Thomas Munger (January 1, 1924 – November 28, 2023) was an American businessman, investor, and philanthropist. He was vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, the conglomerate controlled by Warren Buffett. Buffett described Munger as his closest partner and right-hand man, and credited him with being the "architect" of modern Berkshire ...
