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- Background
- Troop Deployment
- The Battle
- Aftermath
- Chronology
- Notable Figures
- Battlefield
- Cultural Depictions
- Bibliography
- Further Reading
Toyotomi clan rule
Toyotomi Hideyoshi was a prominent general under Oda Nobunaga. Nobunaga unified much of Japan under his rule after defeating the Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshiaki and ending the Ashikaga shogunate; however, he was betrayed by Akechi Mitsuhide and died at the Honnō-ji Incident of 1582. Hideyoshi quickly avenged his master and consolidated control over Japan afterward, with the aid of his brother Hidenaga. Hideyoshi had risen from humble roots—his father having been an ashigaru (foot soldier)—to become...
Feuding factions
Two main factions arose during the fading years of Hideyoshi's rule and the immediate aftermath of his death. Tokugawa Ieyasu was unrivaled in terms of seniority, rank, reputation, and overall influence within the regency government, and had the allegiance of many of the lords of eastern Japan. Toyotomi clan loyalists and the lords of western Japan rallied behind Ishida Mitsunari. Tensions between them sometimes boiled into open hostilities, with relations eventually degenerating into the con...
Ishida, in his home Sawayama Castle, met with Ōtani Yoshitsugu, Mashita Nagamori and Ankokuji Ekei. Here, they forged their alliance, and invited Mōri Terumoto to be its head. They formed what came to be referred to as the Western Army. Mōri seized Osaka Castlefor their base of operations, since most of Tokugawa's forces had vacated the area to att...
At dawn on October 21, 1600, the Tokugawa advance guard stumbled into Ishida's army. Neither side saw each other because of the dense fog caused by the earlier rain. Both sides panicked and withdrew, but each was now aware of their adversary's presence. Ishida held his defensive position while Ieyasu deployed his forces south of Ishida forces, send...
Rise of the Tokugawa Shogunate
Following the public executions of Ishida Mitsunari, Konishi Yukinaga and Ankokuji Ekei on November 6, the influence and reputation of the Toyotomi clan and its remaining loyalists drastically decreased.Tokugawa Ieyasu redistributed the lands and fiefs of the participants, generally rewarding those who assisted him and displacing, punishing, or exiling those who fought against him. In doing so, he gained control of many former Toyotomi territories. At the time, the battle was considered only...
Seeds of dissent from Sekigahara
Regarding the Toyotomi loyalists, there are about 87 Daimyos who supported the western army had their lands confiscated after the battle in Sekigahara.While most clans were content with their new status, there were many clans, especially those on the Western side, who became bitter about their displacement or what they saw as a dishonorable defeat or punishment. Three clans in particular did not take the aftermath of Sekigahara lightly: 1. The Mōri clan, headed by Mōri Terumoto, remained angr...
Below is a chronology of the events leading up to the final battle of Sekigahara 1600: 1. May 7 – Ieyasu asks Uesugi Kagekatsufor explanations for his military mobilization. Kagekatsu refuses Ieyasu. 2. June 8 – Ieyasu calls his allies to punish the Uesugi. 3. July 12 – Ieyasu holds a meeting in Osaka to plan the punishment of the Uesugi, attended ...
Before the fateful confrontation in Sekigahara, Ishida Mitsunari claimed Osaka Castle and planned to take hostages from relatives loyal to Toyotomi. He hoped to use them to force his rival generals to join his cause. He sought to take noblewomen Hosokawa Gracia, Chikurin’in, Yamanote-dono, Yamauchi Chiyo and Kushihashi Teruas political hostages, am...
The site of the battle was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1931. The site encompasses the sites of the initial position of Tokugawa Ieyasu (徳川家康最初陣地), the final position of Tokugawa Ieyasu (徳川家康最後陣地), the position of Ishida Mitsunari (石田三成陣地), the Okayama beacon (岡山烽火場), the grave of Ōtani Yoshitsugu (大谷吉隆墓), the east kubizuka (東首塚)...
The Battle of Sekigahara has been depicted in a number of works of literature. Ryōtarō Shiba wrote a three-volume historical novel called Sekigahara on it in the 1960s. James Clavell's 1975 novel, Shōgun, includes a fictionalized version of both the political struggle and the battle. Tokyo Broadcasting System aired a television miniseries about the...
Anthony J. Bryant (2013). Sekigahara 1600 The Final Struggle for Power. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781472800718. Retrieved 29 April 2024.Bryant, Anthony (1995). Sekigahara 1600: The Final Struggle For Power. Osprey Campaign Series. Vol. 40. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-395-7.Constantine Nomikos Vaporis Ph.D. (2019). Samurai An Encyclopedia of Japan's Cultured Warriors. ISBN 9781440842719. Retrieved 7 May 2024.Davis, Paul (1999). "Sekigahara, 21 October 1600". 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514366-9.Paul Davis used the following sources to compile the chapter "Sekigahara, 21 October 1600" in 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present"Sekigahara, 21 October 1600." 1. De Lange, William. Samurai Battles: The Long Road to UnificationGroningen: Toyo Press, 2020 2. Sadler, A.L. The Maker of Modern Japan: The Life of Tokugawa IeyasuLondo...
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On November 22, 1963, John F. Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, was assassinated while riding in a presidential motorcade through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas.Kennedy was in the vehicle with his wife, Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally, and Connally's wife, Nellie, when he was fatally shot from the nearby Texas School Book Depository by former U.S. Marine Lee Harvey Oswald.
