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In medicine and statistics, sensitivity and specificity mathematically describe the accuracy of a test that reports the presence or absence of a medical condition. If individuals who have the condition are considered "positive" and those who do not are considered "negative", then sensitivity is a measure of how well a test can identify true ...
e. In economics, the Gini coefficient ( / ˈdʒiːni / JEE-nee ), also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality, the wealth inequality, or the consumption inequality [3] within a nation or a social group. It was developed by Italian statistician and sociologist ...
6 4.5 3.4 0.00034% 99.99966% 2.00 1.5 7 5.5 0.019 0.0000019% 99.9999981% 2.33 1.83 In practice Six Sigma mostly finds application in large organizations. According to industry consultants like Thomas Pyzdek and John Kullmann, companies with fewer to ...
Planck was able to calculate the value of from experimental data on black-body radiation: his result, 6.55 × 10 −34 J⋅s, is within 1.2% of the currently defined value. He also made the first determination of the Boltzmann constant k B {\displaystyle k_{\text{B}}} from the same data and theory.
Bayes' theorem is named after the Reverend Thomas Bayes ( / beɪz / ), also a statistician and philosopher. Bayes used conditional probability to provide an algorithm (his Proposition 9) that uses evidence to calculate limits on an unknown parameter. His work was published in 1763 as An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances.
A sigmoid function is any mathematical function whose graph has a characteristic S-shaped or sigmoid curve . A common example of a sigmoid function is the logistic function shown in the first figure and defined by the formula: [1] Other standard sigmoid functions are given in the Examples section. In some fields, most notably in the context of ...
Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin (/ˈrɪtəlɪn/ RIT-ə-lin) and Concerta (/kənˈsɜːrtə/ kən-SUR-tə) among others, is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used medically to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, to a lesser extent, narcolepsy. It is a primary medication for ADHD (e.g. in ...
