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Signs and symptoms. Cause. Mechanism. Diagnosis. Prevention. Treatment. Prognosis. History. Society and culture. See also. References. Further reading. External links. Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.
- History
The history of smallpox extends into pre-history. [1] ...
- History
天花 （英語： Smallpox ）是一種由 天花病毒 引起之人類 傳染病 。 患者一般在染病後的12天內，出現包括 發燒 、 肌肉疼痛 、 頭痛 等近似 普通感冒 的 症狀 。 幾天後， 口 咽 部分的 粘膜 會長出紅點，身體多處地方亦會長出皮疹（以臉部居多）。 [1] 天花病毒共有兩類：主天花病毒及次天花病毒。 根據患者的病情發展，由前者引發之天花又被劃分為四種形式：典型、惡性、出血型、緩和型。 其中，多數未曾接種疫苗者均會出現典型天花的症狀。 [2] 次天花病毒引起之病變程度比上述四種都要溫和，但卻非常罕見。 [3] 天花主要透過 空氣傳播 。 患者的 呼吸道 與皮膚皰疹分泌物均載有病毒，故避免與其近距離接觸可減低患病的風險。 [4] 多種 痘病毒 疾病的 病癥 均與天花的如出一轍。
Overview. More. Smallpox is an acute contagious disease caused by the variola virus, a member of the orthopoxvirus family. It was one of the most devastating diseases known to humanity and caused millions of deaths before it was eradicated. It is believed to have existed for at least 3000 years.
天花疫苗 （英語： Smallpox vaccine ）是第一種針對傳染病開發的 疫苗 。 1796年，英國醫生 愛德華·詹納 發現人體感染相對溫和的 牛痘 病毒後，可對致命的 天花 病毒產生免疫力。 在20世紀現代天花疫苗出現之前，牛痘一直是一種天然疫苗。 1958年至1977年， 世界衛生組織 執行了一次全球接種活動來根除天花，使得天花成為目前人類唯一被根除的疾病。 雖然目前公眾已不進行天花疫苗的常規接種，但其疫苗仍然繼續生產，用以對抗 生物恐怖主義 、 生物戰 及預防 猴痘 [2] [3] 。 參考文獻 [ 編輯] ^ Smallpox vaccine Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 2020-01-03 [2020-01-22].
Smallpox is an infectious disease that begins with fever and headache and proceeds to an eruption of the skin that leaves pockmarks. For centuries smallpox was one of the world’s most-dreaded diseases. But it was also one of the first diseases to be controlled by a vaccine, which led to its eradication in 1980.
Smallpox is an acute infectious disease caused by the variola virus, which causes varying degrees of health threat to humans. The fatality rate is up to 30%. Deaths often occur within one or two weeks after symptom onset. So far, there is no effective treatment.
