搜尋結果
Abstract. "New and emerging work relationships arising in the “online gig economy” do not fit easily into the existing legal definitions of “employee” and “independent contractor” status.
2019年8月27日 · The sharing of duties and decision-making over the use, protection and replenishment of a particular resource therefore requires personal and group qualities such as moral responsibility, reciprocity, trust, mutual aid, fellowship and cooperation.
- Definition
- Characteristics
- Typology
- Discussion 1: Description
- Discussion 2: Details
- Discussion 3: Peer Governance in General
- Examples
- Discussion
- Key Books to Read
Vasilis Kostakis: "Peer governance is a new mode of governance and bottom-up mode ofparticipative decision-making that is being experimented in peer projects, such asWikipedia and FLOSS (Bauwens, 2005a, and 2005b). Thus peer governance is the way thatpeer production, the process in which common value is produced, is managed."
Vasilis Kostakis: 1. "Peer governance’s main characteristics are the Equipotentiality, i.e. the fact thatin a peer project all the participants have an equal ability to contribute, althoughthat not all the participants have the same skills and abilities (Bauwens, 2005a,and 2005b); the Heterarchy as a form of community; and the Holoptismi.e. theabil...
Typology of Commons Regulation
1. Source: The Commons: Year One of the Global Commons Movement by Silke Helfrich (29. Januar 2011)
Three Levels of Governance (in the context of forking); from the article: Code Forking, Governance, and Sustainability in Open Source Software By Linus Nyman, Juho Lindman:
Steve Weber on the Governance of Peer Production projects
Steve Weber: "When I use the term "governance" in this discussion, I am using it in the way it is used in international relations. In that context "governance" is not government, it is typically not authoritative, and in fact it is not about governing in a traditional sense as much as it is about setting parameters for voluntary relationships among autonomous parties. Given that perspective, the central question becomes, How has the open source process used technology along with both new- and...
Felix Stadler on the Meritocratic Leadership in Peer Production
= leadership/hierarchy in peer production is not egalitarian, but meritocratic Felix Stadler: "The openness in open source is often misunderstood as egalitarian collaboration. However, FOSS is primarily open in the sense that anyone can appropriate the results, and do with them whatever he or she wants (within the legal/normative framework set out by the license). This is what the commons, a shared resource, is about. Free appropriation. Not everyone can contribute. Everyone is free, indeed,...
Jeremy Malcolm: the balance between hierarchy and decentralisation
Source: Chapter 4 of the book, Multi-Stakeholder Governance and the Internet Governance Forum. Jeremy Malcolm. Terminus, 2008 Jeremy Malcolm: “The common conception of most open source software projects as being anarchistic is actually a myth. In most open source software development projects, anarchy is balanced with hierarchical control. It is in fact common for open source software development projects to be governed by a “Benevolent Dictatorfor life” (or BDFL). These are found in projects...
Characteristics of successfull collaborative projects
" characteristics of successful free software/open source communities: 1. open and widespread membership based upon participation 1. geographically distributed, asynchronous, networked collaboration 1. project transparency, particularly open, recorded dialog and peer review of project materials, 1. discussion and decisions 1. a compelling foundational artifact to organize participation and build upon 1. collaborative, iteratively clarified, living documents and project artifacts 1. a mechanis...
Typology
From Iandoli, Klein, & Zollo , summarized by Vasilis Kostakis: "in order virtual communities to work properly, three important governance problems have to be dealt with: • Attention governance: we must attract a considerable number of users, reduce the risk of premature convergence and enable sufficient exploration of the search space by countervailing the influences of informational pressure, social pressure and common knowledge; • Participation governance: we must retain a critical mass of...
Bob Jessop on Governance and Meta-Governance
Bob Jessop uses the similar term of 'governance', but I believe we should distinguish peer governance as the management of bottom-up peer groups, from the extension towards multiple stakeholders of the governance of existing institutions. A further cause of confusion is that the general literature uses governance often in a generic way, often barely distinguishable from “government" but also in specific ways that have no relationship with peer governance such as in the case of ‘corporate gove...
Paul B. Hartzog on Panarchy
Paul B. Hartzog at http://panarchy.com/Members/PaulBHartzog/Writings/Features "Governance in Panarchy is characterized by the primacy of relational behaviors among governance organizations. Some of these organizations may be traditional nation-states, at least for a while. It is likely that nation-states will be replaced by numerous other governance organizations that demonstrate a better "fit" with their constituents' needs than do today's national governments. Numerous political scholars (R...
Examples
European Internet Self-Regulation Proposal A concrete example of a proposed peer governance scheme for the European internet: The proposal is from a series of internet players and advocacy groups, who have gotten together in order to promote, and practice, peer governance of the internet in Europe, and aim to convince the EU of the value of this approach: “Flexible, decentralized, evolving, the network is very similar to the internet in its way of functioning. - A decentralized network In thi...
Open Source Software projects are not self-governing
Charles Connell: "Being self-organizing and having central control are not completely incompatible--sort of. Imagine a group of random castaways marooned on a desert island. Initially there is no hierarchy to this group. But the group may choose to elect a leader or committee to guide them. They would choose as leaders the people who seem most able to help them survive. The castaways would be self-organizing, yet have established some central control. This is analogous to an open-source proje...
Cyberchiefs. Autonomy and Authority in Online Tribes. Mathieu O’Neil. Macmillan/Pluto Press, 2009. Excellent monograph.
2016年6月14日 · Hope labor is naturalized and normalized through neoliberal ideologies. It is seen as an investment that pays off for individuals based on merit, despite its deleterious impact on employment prospects in desired industries.
From the Wikipedia: "Production for use is the defining criterion for a socialist economy that distinguishes socialism from capitalism, which is based on production for profit. It was one of the fundamental defining characteristics of socialism initially shared by Marxian socialists, evolutionary socialists, anarchists and Christian socialists.
"Market Socialism is an economic system in which the means of production are owned either by the state or by the workers in each company (meaning in general that "profits" in each company are distributed between them: profit sharing) and the production is not centrally planned but mediated through the market .
Bruce Perens is a leader in the Free Software and Open Source community. He is creator of the Open Source Definition, the manefesto of the Open Source movement in Software. He's founder or co-founder of the Open Source Initiative, The Linux Standard Base, Software in the Public Interest, and No-Code International.
