搜尋結果
P2P不仅仅是简单发生在分布式网络里的任一行为或生产方式：它们特指旨在增加平等参与者最广泛参与的行为或方法。 我们将在研究P2P模式的特点时详细定义这些术语，以下是最普遍和最重要的一些特征： P2P是指被创造的如下的生产方式： - 通过生产者（他们可以取得所分配的资本）之间的自由合作产生使用价值：这就是对等生产模式，“第三种生产模式”，不同于国有企业的公营或营利性生产。 其产品不具有市场上的交换价值，而在使用者团体中具有使用价值。 - 其过程和决策由生产者团体自行管理，而不受市场分配或企业管理层级的支配。 这就是P2P管理模式，或“第三种管理模式”。
First, a civilized state is a humane (the Confucian concept of ren仁) state in the sense that it takes care of the broad interests of the people (its own people first and other people second). Second, a civilized state should never use force to solve a conflict with another civilized state, because this violates the principle of humaneness ...
"A longer-term form of Chama in Kenya is organized on the basis of shares, which members buy to gain ownership of a percentage of the chamas investment or income. These organizations are classified as "Accumulating Savings and Credit Associations" (ASCA).
Democratic participation, Confucian democrats maintain, is required to provide citizens with the opportunity to cultivate the Confucian virtues, such as ren (benevolence, 仁) and yi (righteousness, 義)." * Article: Saving Liberalism from Democracy through
2011年11月7日 · Whereas power-to is defined by a sort of liberating and harmonious social flow that unites the doing of each and everyone of us, power- over arises from the breaking up of the collective by a process of separation.
To Iaione, the Bologna Regulation offers a structure for “local authorities, citizens and the community at large to manage public and private spaces and assets together. As such, it’s a sort of handbook for civic and public collaboration, and also a new vision for government.”.
