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  1. Description. 1. By Maria Chehonadskih: "Proletkult is a contraction of Proletarian Culture and Enlightenment Organisations. It was a mass organisation of scientific, educational and art societies for the proletariat, existing from 1917 to 1932. Proletkult was established by Bogdanov and Lunacharskii after the February Revolution in 1917.

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    "Decline belonged to a massive body of literature which took shape between the first and second world wars on the 'Crisis of Civilization', and which includes, among others, works like Stoddard's The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy (1920), Guenon's The Crisis of the Modern World (1927), Freud's Civilization and its Discontents (1...

    "A Culture is born in the moment when a great Soul awakens .. and detaches itself: a form for the formless .. It blooms on the soil of an exactly definable landscape, to which plant-wise it remains bound. It dies when this souls has actualized the full sum of its possibilities. ... The aim once attained, .. the Culture suddenly hardens, it mortifie...

    1. From the Brittannica: "Der Untergang is a study in the philosophy of history. Spengler contended that because most civilizations must pass through a life cycle, not only can the historian reconstruct the past but he can predict “the spiritual forms, duration, rhythm, meaning and product of the still unaccomplished stages of our Western history.”...

    Paul Klingsnorth: "Spengler's book The Decline of the West has been sitting on my shelf for years, and I've been putting off reading it. Like its author, it has an intimidating aura. But as spring came I finally sat down with it. Published in 1918, the book - or rather the first of its two volumes - catapulted its author, a previously obscure priva...

    JOSÉ LUÍS GARCIA: "The key to Spengler's philosophical anthropology and accompanying philosophy of history is his use of the Faustian legend in popular German literature to interpret modern technology. According to him, humans are the only predators able to select and design weapons for attacking nature and each other. At some point around the tent...

    - Excerpt from Vol. I; Chapter IV. Part II. Section VI. (not the full text of the section, but selected phrases, occasionally slightly adapted for smoother sentences - mb) Oswald Spengler: "It is the primitive feeling of care which dominates the physiognomy of the Western ("as that of the Egyptians ... and the Chinese") .. It creates the symbolism of the erotic which represents the flowing on of endless life. (p. 102) Classical man conceived only the here and now: The domestic religion of Rom...

    Source: Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West, Vol. 2; Chapter IV: Cities and People; Section V, pp. 69-74 Summary transcription based on excerpted text, by Michel Bauwens. Osward Spengler: “The Stone Colossus, ‘Cosmopolis', stands at the end of the life course of every great Culture.” (p. 68) The Culture Man, whom the land has spiritually formed, is seized … by his own creation, the City.” (p. 69) “The stony mass is the absolute City. These final cities are wholly intellect. ["the heart h...

  2. This can be a matter of the common skills of the Marshallian industrial district where ‘the mysteries of the trade become no mysteries, but are as it were in the air, and children learn many of them unconsciously’(Marshall, 1922 [1891]:271), or the ‘sharing; and

  3. Publishers' Summary. Cyberchiefs. Autonomy and Authority in Online Tribes: “People are inventing new ways of working together on the internet. Decentralized production thrives on weblogs, wikis and free software projects. In Cyberchiefs, Mathieu O’Neil focuses on the regulation of these working relationships.

  4. He used the concept of polycentricity as a particularly well-suited tool for addressing the well-known socialist calculation problem (Lange 1938; Mises 1922). His arguments about the impossibility of economic calculation in a socialist system were closely related to Hayek’s, yet they also benefited from the more general perspective provided by the concept of polycentricity.

  5. An argument about the impossibility of economic planning has been going around since the 1920’s called the Calculation Problem. Wikipedia says, "The economic calculation problem is a criticism of using economic planning as a substitute for market-based allocation of the factors of production. It was first proposed by Ludwig von Mises in his ...

  6. Fritz Lang’s presciently anti-scientistic and anti-Nazi films from 1922 and 1933, Metropolis and The Testament of Doctor Mabuse , and the genre of classic dystopian science fiction novels, especially including Yevgeny Zamyatin’s 1920-21 We , Aldous Huxley’s

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