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2021年9月28日 · Recursive publics respond to governance by directly engaging in, maintaining, and often modifying the infrastructure they seek, as a public, to inhabit and extend—and not only by offering opinions or protesting decisions, as conventional publics do (in most theories of the public sphere). Recursive publics seek to create what might be ...
General definition. From Wikipedia's Distributed Computing article : "Distributed computing is a method of computer processing in which different parts of a program run simultaneously on two or more computers that are communicating with each other over a network. Distributed computing is a type of segmented or parallel computing, but the latter ...
Four categories of crowdfunding business models exist: The Direct Crowdfunding enables a project to receive donations via its personal online platform to promote itself, engage the community in the production in exchange of merchandising, exclusive goodies, etc. The key in this model, as the one above, is the community.
A machine shop making electric vehicles could switch from tractors to reapers to bicycles. Some special-purpose machines, of course--Bookchin specifically mentions bottling and canning machines--would continue to be useful even in the context of a decentralized economy.
Castells seems to be pessimistic, "whoever has enough money, including political leaders, will have a better chance of operating the switch in its favor." But one of the central points of his essay is the creation of a new appealing category describing contemporary communication in society that is "mass self-communication".
Abstract. "The paper compares two ambitious conceptual structures. The first is the understanding of social-ecological systems developed around the term resilience, and more recently the term panarchy, in the work of Holling, Gunderson, and others. The second is Wallersteins world-systems approach to analyzing hierarchical relationships between ...
Donaldson is particularly intrigued with the ability of mature humans, when their culture provides the legitimation and training, to switch modes at will. She turns to Buddhism both as a prime example of the value transcendent mode in operation and as a prototype for methods of training the mind in mode switching.
