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Obsessive–compulsive disorder ( OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts (an obsession) and feels the need to perform certain routines ( compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function. [1] [2] [7]
0.8–1.5% (2019, using DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10) [2] Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by executive dysfunction occasioning symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and otherwise age ...
The word psychopathy is a joining of the Greek words psyche ( ψυχή) "soul" and pathos ( πάθος) "suffering, feeling". [17] The first documented use is from 1847 in Germany as psychopatisch, [18] and the noun psychopath has been traced to 1885. [19] In medicine, patho- has a more specific meaning of disease (Thus pathology has meant the ...
Alzheimer's disease ( AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens, [2] and is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. [2] [15] The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. [1] As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems with language, disorientation ...
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class. [9] It is mainly used as a eugeroic ( wakefulness promoter) or as a mild cognitive enhancer to increase alertness and attentional performance. [10] [11] Caffeine acts by blocking binding of adenosine to the adenosine A 1 receptor, which enhances release of the ...
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Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a term formerly used to describe a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.[5] Asperger syndrome has been merged with ...
