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Description. 1. From the Wikipedia: "Digital labor or digital labour is a term for a schema of ideas focusing on exploring and understanding the high levels of cognitive and cultural labor associated with the replacement of jobs in the increasingly automated industrial sector, into globalized production systems embedded in high-technology, and ...
2011年8月4日 · A member’s labor quota may be reduced for health or other reasons, and a permanently reduced labor quota is equivalent to the “pension” in monetary economies. Through the system of labor budgets the community as a whole decides its collective priorities by how it divides its labor supply. The entire labor budgeting process, along with the ...
2016年6月14日 · It is seen as an investment that pays off for individuals based on merit, despite its deleterious impact on employment prospects in desired industries. Our theorization of hope labor can be seen as a complement or corrective to celebratory accounts of meaning making, creativity, and community in online social production." Categories: Labor.
Description. The peer production license is an example of the Copyfair type of license, in which only other commoners, cooperatives and nonprofits can share and re-use the material, but not commercial entities intent on making profit through the commons without explicit reciprocity. This fork on the original text of the Creative Commons non ...
2016年2月2日 · In our proposal, independent workers — regardless of whether they work through an online or offline intermediary — would qualify for many, although not all, of the benefits and protections that employees receive, including the freedom to organize and collectively bargain, civil rights protections, tax withholding, and employer contributions ...
1. "In a nutshell, Sustainability Context calls for assessing "the performance of the organization in the context of the limits and demands placed on environmental or social resources at the sectoral, local, regional, or global level," to quote the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), which coined the concept as one of its core Principles in 2002.
Description. "Worgl Schillings. In the early 1930s the small town of Worgl in the Austrian Tyrol, suffering like every other town in Europe and America from the Great Depression, took the unlikely step of issuing its own currency. Its burgomaster, Michael Unterguggenberger, faced an empty treasury, because the unemployed citizens could not pay ...
