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Personal manufacturing machines, sometimes called “fabbers,” are the pint-sized, low-cost descendants of factory-scale, mass manufacturing machines. Personal-scale manufacturing machines use the same fabrication methods as their larger, industrial ancestors, but are smaller, cheaper, and easier to use. Home-scale machines, such as 3D ...
- Introduction
- Description
- The Movement
- The Book
- Aspects and Sources
- Discussion
- More Information
Gonzalo Jose Lopez: "In computer science, the term “peer-to-peer” refers to a network formed by a series of nodes that behave as equal to each other, acting both as clients and servers for the other network nodes, allowing direct exchange of information." "This is a theoretical movement, emerged from informal settlements and self-constructed archit...
"P2P Urbanism may be understood as that collection of urban interventions carried out cooperatively by, amongst others, inhabitants, professionals, NGOs, public agencies, researchers, activists, artists, sociologists, and urban scientists meant to study, construct, and repair the city in a way that anyone may choose, participate, share, and modify ...
A Biological Paradigm
After the work of Edward O. Wilson on Biophilia, we now know that human beings react positively to the biological information in their environment and to specific types of complex mathematical structures such as fractals. Thus, the need for a certain type of structural complexity in our surroundings is not simply a matter of aesthetics but a key to our physiological wellbeing. Alexander, and other researchers following his lead, identified those precise structures that generate a healing envi...
Criticism of Anti-urban Geometries
The P2P Urbanism movement is founded upon evidence-based socio-geometric concepts; that is, experimentally verifiable reactions to different types of urban form and different types of social interactions that are either permitted by an existing socio-political framework or actual physical structure. Focusing on the physical structure of urban regions that represent the worst of inhuman environments leads to strong criticisms of post-world-war II urban planning. Michael Mehaffy and Nikos Salin...
Political implications
"Sustainability must be ecological (about resources, geography, geology, weather, landscape, etc.) but there's also a social sustainability, a symbolic sustainability, a psychic one, etc. This implies that participation is a very important step, because architecture and urbanism have more than just a deep impact on politics (Aristotle explained why politics enters the very definition of a human being). The way and the time a city is built makes the polis: it IS politics. A masterplan falling...
The book: "P2P Urbanism" by Nikos Salingaros and friends
Encouraged by the interest generated by the presentation in Berlin, some of the key recent writings are put together into a book draft: "P2P Urbanism" by Nikos Salingarosand friends, which will hopefully be published at some point soon, and also in other languages. It is now available for free download. The individual articles are all on the web and already available in several languages. Of course, this book represents but one portion of the broad range of thought behind P2P Urbanism, which...
P2P Urbanism World Atlas
Agatino Rizzo has undertaken to map existing projects that exemplify the many diverse aspects of P2P Urbanism into the P2P-Urbanism World Atlas. The nature of these projects illustrates best the broad range of ideas that make up P2P Urbanism beyond physical planning and urban construction. This map also provides a central point for future reference, as other groups discover that they have not been working alone. Anyone can add to this map, and the ultimate purpose is to link all P2P Urbanism...
New Design Tools
The design component of P2P Urbanism that builds cities and restructures dysfunctional urban regions using urban microsurgery relies upon a recently-developed toolbox of methods. These methods are scattered among the work of different authors. "Socially-Orbanized Housing", which is Chapter 4 of the above book "P2P Urbanism", gives a detailed description of some techniques. Those readers who don't already know the "Pattern Language" of Christopher Alexander are referred to an (unauthorized!) o...
The P2P Urbanism Video Lectures
An ongoing series of video lectures in which members of the movement describe their own particular work and interpretation of P2P Urbanism. Interviews are conducted by Yulia Kryazheva of arch4people, based in Delft, Holland. The intent is to build up a body of reference points coming from different directions so that readers can understand what the movement is about, and gain ideas about possible implementations and extensions. As more lectures become available, the collective input will help...
Exloring the defintion of P2P Urbanism
The text below is from a draft version. Updated version from September 2010 at http://groups.google.com/group/p2p-urbanism-world-atlas/web/p2p-urbanism-definition?hl=en&pli=1P2P (PEER-TO-PEER) URBANISM. Definition prepared by the “Peer-to-peer Urbanism Task Force” consisting of Antonio Caperna, Michael Mehaffy, Geeta Mehta, Federico Mena-Quintero, Agatino Rizzo, Nikos A. Salingaros, Stefano Serafini, and Emanuele Strano. Part A. Problems with existing urban implementations. 1. Centrally-plann...
The Demise of the “Expert”
A new generation of urban researchers has been deriving evidence-based rules for architecture and urbanism, using scientific methods and logic. These rules replace outdated working assumptions that have created dysfunctional urban regions following World-War II. A body of recently derived theoretical work underpins human-scale urbanism, and helps to link developing architectural movements such as the Network City, Biophilic Design, Biourbanism, Self-built Housing, Generative Codes, New Urbani...
The Importance of Human Scale and the Problem of Gigantism: Patterns as Solutions
Throughout history, human-scale urban fabric was always designed by people to fit their bodily dimensions, to accommodate their everyday movements, and to feed their sensory system and basic human need for socialization and interaction. With industrialization, architects and planners turned away from these geometrical mechanisms for building social structure to instead impose a visually empty, banal, and lifeless environment built with spaces and dimensions that are far larger than the human...
Work in Progress
Even before the International Commons Conference in Berlin, many P2P Urbanism ideas and applications have been circulating in draft form. Hopefully, they can be catalogued here as soon as they are published. 1. P2P Urbanism Projects
Related Concepts
1. Architecture of Resistance 2. Commons-based Urbanism ; Urban Commons 3. Komunal ; Komunal Urbanism Social Charter 4. Open Source Architecture ; Open Source Cities ; Open Source City ; Open Source House ; Possibilities of Open Source Architecture 5. Participatory Design of Cities ; Participatory Urban Planning 6. Resilient Cities ; Resilient Urban Design Principles ; Urban Resilience 7. User Generated Cities ; Do-It-Yourself City ; User Generated Cities 8. Urban Art Interventions
Projects
1. Bio Urbanism 2. Gruppo Salingaros ; Nikos Salingaros 3. P2P-Urbanism World Atlas 4. Pulska Grupa
2021年9月28日 · Free Software. "Free Software is a set of principles designed to protect the freedom of individuals to use computer software. It emerged in the 1980s against a backdrop of increasing restrictions on the use and production of software. Free Software can therefore be understood historically and ethically as the defence of freedom against a ...
Rhoscanner is a projective mobile fully-functional three-dimensional scanner that costs only 12$. Rhoscanner is a completely reverse-engineered project being maintained by Marios Papachristou under http://rhoscanner-team.github.io. It is being developed purely in Python and licensed under the GNU General Public License v3.
Bio. "Kojin Karatani was born in 1941 in Amagasaki city, located between Osaka and Kobe. He received his B.A. in economics and M.A. in English literature, both from Tokyo University. Awarded the Gunzo Literary Prize for an essay on Natsume Soseki in 1969, he began working actively as a literary critic, while teaching at Hosei University in Tokyo.
In many cases they joined the “barbarians”. This so-called secondary primitivism, Scott notes, “may well have been experienced as a marked improvement in safety, nutrition and social order. Becoming a barbarian was often a bid to improve one’s lot.”. The dark ages that inexorably followed the glory and grandeur of the state may, in ...
The system claims to be effective at achieving popular consensus around contentious issues over a period of two or three weeks with anywhere from 100 to tens of thousands of participants or more. Polis has been used to generate consensus on climate issues in Austria (2022), in Uruguay on a national referendum (2020–2021), in New Zealand to ...
