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In computing, a loadable kernel module ( LKM) is an object file that contains code to extend the running kernel, or so-called base kernel, of an operating system. LKMs are typically used to add support for new hardware (as device drivers) and/or filesystems, or for adding system calls.
A NetWare Loadable Module [1] [2] [3] ( NLM) is a loadable kernel module (a binary code module) that can be loaded into Novell's NetWare operating system. NLMs can implement hardware drivers, server functions (e.g. clustering), applications (e.g. GroupWise ), system libraries or utilities.
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- Novell
- NetWare Loadable Module
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Linux is a monolithic kernel with a modular design (i.e., it can insert and remove loadable kernel modules at runtime),: 338 supporting most features once only available in closed source kernels of non-free operating systems.
- 0.02 (5 October 1991; 32 years ago)
- GPL-2.0-only with Linux-syscall-note
- 6.5.6, / 6 October 2023
Dynamically loadable modules incur a small overhead when compared to building the module into the operating system image. However, in some cases, loading modules dynamically (as-needed) helps to keep the amount of code running in kernel space to a minimum; for example, to minimize operating system footprint for embedded devices or those with limited hardware resources.
The Linux kernel is both monolithic and modular, since it can insert and remove loadable kernel modules at runtime. This central component of a computer system is responsible for executing programs. The kernel takes responsibility for deciding at any time which of the many running programs should be allocated to the processor or processors.
modprobe is a Linux program originally written by Rusty Russell and used to add a loadable kernel module to the Linux kernel or to remove a loadable kernel module from the kernel. It is commonly used indirectly: udev relies upon modprobe to load drivers for automatically detected hardware.
lsmod is a command on Linux systems. It shows which loadable kernel modules are currently loaded.An example terminal print after running lsmod command: Module Size Used by af_packet 27392 2 8139too 30592 0 snd_cs46xx 96872 3 snd_pcm_oss 55808 1 snd_mixer_oss 21760 2 snd_pcm_oss ip6table_filter 7424 1 ip6_tables 19728 1 ip6table_filter ipv6 290404 22 xfs 568384 4 sis900 18052 5 libata 169920 1 ...
