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The Global System for Mobile Communications ( GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation ( 2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. GSM is also a trade mark owned by the GSM Association. [2] .
- December 1991; 31 years ago
- Digital cellular networks
- Telecommunication
- 3G
In North America, GSM operates on the primary mobile communication bands 850 MHz and 1900 MHz. In Canada, GSM-1900 is the primary band used in urban areas with 850 as a backup, and GSM-850 being the primary rural band. In the United States, regulatory requirements determine which area can use which band.
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GSM services are a standard collection of applications and features available over the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) to mobile phone subscribers all over the world. The GSM standards are defined by the 3GPP collaboration and implemented in hardware and software by equipment manufacturers and mobile phone operators.
The GSM Association (commonly referred to as 'the GSMA' or Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial Mobile) is a lobby organisation that represents the interests of mobile network operators worldwide.
- 1995
- Representing mobile network operators
- 1200 companies
- London, England, UK
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM, around 80–85% market share) and IS-95 (around 10–15% market share) were the two most prevalent 2G mobile communication technologies in 2007. In 3G, the most prevalent technology was UMTS with CDMA-2000 in close contention.
Common NameFamilyPrimary UseRadio TechMobile InternetCDMA/TDMA/FDDMIMOMobile InternetOFDMA/TDMA/MIMO/SC-FDMA/for LTE-FDD/for ...WirelessMANMIMO-SOFDMAWirelessMANMIMO-SOFDMA3G is the third generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology. It is the upgrade to 2G, 2.5G, GPRS and 2.75G Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution networks, offering faster data transfer, and better voice quality. [1] . This network was superseded by 4G, and later by 5G.
2G is a short notation for second-generation cellular network, a group of technology standards employed for cellular networks. 2G was commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991. [1] . After 2G was launched, the previous mobile wireless network systems were retroactively dubbed 1G.
