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Cholera ( / ˈkɒlərə /) is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. [4] [3] Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. [3] . The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea lasting a few days. [2] . Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. [3] .
- 28,800 (2015)
History of cholera. Hand bill from the New York City Board of Health, 1832. The outdated public health advice demonstrates the lack of understanding of the disease and its actual causative factors. Seven cholera pandemics have occurred in the past 200 years, with the first pandemic originating in India in 1817.
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Is cholera a disease?
What are the symptoms of cholera?
What is Vibrio cholerae?
What causes cholera?
Original map by John Snow showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854, drawn and lithographed by Charles Cheffins. Snow later used a dot map to illustrate the cluster of cholera cases around the pump. He also used statistics to
- 16 June 1858 (aged 45), London, England
- 15 March 1813, York, England
Vibrio cholerae. Pacini, 1854. Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. [1] The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin -containing shells of crabs, shrimp, and other shellfish.
A cholera vaccine is a vaccine that is effective at reducing the risk of contracting cholera. The recommended cholera vaccines are administered orally to elicit local immune response in the gut where the intestinal cells produce antibodies against the cholera microbe.
- none
- Vibrio cholerae
- Dukoral, Vaxchora, others
- Inactivated
Dates. 1846–1860. The third cholera pandemic (1846–1860) was the third major outbreak of cholera originating in India in the 19th century that reached far beyond its borders, which researchers at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) believe may have started as early as 1837 and lasted until 1863. [1]
Research. References. External links. Seventh cholera pandemic. The seventh cholera pandemic is the seventh major outbreak of cholera beginning in 1961 and continuing to the present. [1] . Cholera has become endemic in many countries. In 2017, WHO announced a global strategy aiming to end the pandemic by 2030. [2]
