搜尋結果
Integrated (E9) According to Loevinger, this stage is rarely attained. At the integrated stage, "learning is understood as unavoidable ... the unattainable is renounced."[36] The ego exhibits wisdom, broad empathy towards oneself and others, and a capacity to be aware of inner conflicts (like the individualistic ego) or to tolerate them (like the autonomous ego) and make peace with them.[38] "
- Concept
- Context
- How Does It Work?
- Typology
- Examples
- Discussion
- Key Book to Read
- More Information
Definition 1
"Rapid Manufacturing is a new area of manufacturing developed from a family of technologies known as Rapid Prototyping. These processes have already had the effect of both improving products and reducing their development time; this in turn resulted in the development of the technology of Rapid Tooling, which implemented Rapid Prototyping techniques to improve its own processes. Rapid Manufacturing has developed as the next stage, in which the need for tooling is eliminated. It has been shown...
Definition 2
From the Wikipedia athttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_manufacturing "Rapid manufacturing is a technique for manufacturing solid objects by the sequential delivery of energy and/or material to specified points in space to produce that part. Current practice is to control the manufacturing process by computer using a mathematical model created with the aid of a computer. Rapid manufacturing done in parallel batch production provides a large advantage in speed and cost overhead compared to alt...
A note on terminology
Frank Piller and others prefer to use 3D Printing and Additive Fabrication instead of RM: " this term is not precise enough, as also a good old injecting molding process is very "rapid"! The term also has been used for very different manufacturing concepts). EOS has been proposing the term "e-manufacturing" to focus on the fact that the parts are produced directly from 3D-data. But also a CNC machine is doing so. - ... A growing number of people are using terms such as "additive fabrication"...
How is it related to P2P Theory
We believe that a new type of economy will be evolving whereby open designs are combined with distributed physical production. This is sometimes described as Desktop Manufacturing, which is partly dependent on the technical advances in rapid manufacturing. Whereas desktop manufacturing refers more specifically towards the capability by individual designers to produce designs, have them produced by 3D printers in a physical format, and with access to local or distributed labor for producing th...
The Importance of distributed digital production
By Lawrence J. Rhoades athttp://www.nae.edu/NAE/bridgecom.nsf/BridgePrintView/MKEZ-6AHJL5?OpenDocument "Distributed digital production, a category of processes evolving from rapid prototyping, rapid manufacturing, free-form fabrication, and layered manufacturing, is a harbinger of twenty-first-century production, which is dramatically different from the kind of “manufacturing” we know today. The fundamental nature of distributed-digital processes—the construction of functional metal work piec...
Basic Functioning
From http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/rapidman/overview.php “Basically, all layer manufacturing systems consist of a combination of a computer CAD system with an operation machine to perform the fabrication of a layer under computer control. First, a 3D CAD representation of the part is created by a computer software package such as ProEngineer, SolidWorks, or Autocad. The computer representation of the part is then sliced into layers of a certain thickness, typically 0.1 to 0.25 mm, and th...
The Four Processes of Manufacturing
By Lawrence J. Rhoades on what it the processes that need to be automated athttp://www.nae.edu/NAE/bridgecom.nsf/BridgePrintView/MKEZ-6AHJL5?OpenDocument "Nearly all discrete parts are made using a series of steps or processes that, with few exceptions, fall into one of four groups: 1. Casting or molding produces an object by transforming a material from a liquid to a solid. A material in liquid form is poured or injected into a preformed mold (or die), allowed to solidify (normally by coolin...
The technologies now available include a variety of different processes, such as Stereolithography, Selective Laser Sintering, Shape Deposition Manufacturing, and Laminated Object Manufacturing. Glossary at http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/rapidman/gloss.php Stereolithography (SL)was the first commercialized fabrication process, producing parts f...
Morris Technologies
"Morris Technologies, specializes in tough-to-manufacture metal components for aerospace, medical and industrial applications. At first glance, Morris seems to operate a conventional machine shop full of high-end CNC machines. Next to the machine tools, though, Morris quietly runs a bank of EOS direct metal laser-sintering (DMLS) machines, which build up parts from successive layers of fused metal powder. With six machines, Morris has the world’s highest concentration of DMLS capacity. And he...
Other Examples
"Boeing, for example, has made extensive use of rapid prototyping machines to produce parts, tooling and manufacturing aids for the F18 and other military aircraft. “We’ve just touched the tip of the digital manufacturing iceberg,” says Jeff DeGrange, an engineering manager with Boeing's Phantom Works. Direct digital manufacturing has also become standard practice in the hearing aid industry. “Literally millions of hearing aid shells have been produced on our stereolithography systems,” says...
Producers/suppliers
1. Stratasys' fused deposition modeling 2. 3D Systems’ selective laser sintering
Status Report: Benchmarks
How can you know if the field becomes mature? Two criteria: the ability to make fully functional objects, and to mold metals, not just plastic. "Digital production (or rapid manufacturing) transforms engineering design files directly into functional objects—ideally, fully functional objects. This technology emerged from rapid prototyping systems that first produced nonfunctional, “appearance models” (limited-use, engineering-design and marketing aids made from nondurable plastic materials). O...
Main challenges or rapid manufacturing:
"The biggest barrier in the coming years is seen with regard to materials.Some additive parts simply don’t measure up to their molded, machined and cast counterparts when it comes to tensile and other mechanical properties. … Another material issue involves freedom of choice. With additive technologies, engineers currently have to settle for a limited materials line-up. But as the article shows, the scope of applicable materials is fast growing. A second barrier is seen in the persistent lack...
Benefits of 'additive systems'
"“With all these factors weighing against direct digital manufacturing, you might wonder, why bother? But, these additive systems already offer design benefits that can offset their manufacturing limitations. For one, additive machines can produce complex part geometries without regard to conventional manufacturing limitations. Additive fabrication methods based on powder metal beds, for example, can enable parts with interior cavities and features that could not be machined or cast — at leas...
Book: Rapid Manufacturing: An Industrial Revolution for the Digital Age. Ed. by Philip Dickens et al. Wiley, 2006 The book "addresses the academic fundamentals of Rapid Manufacturing as well as focussing on case studies and applications across a wide range of industry sectors."(from the publisher)
See our related entries on Desktop Manufacturing and Personal Fabricators Glossary at http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/rapidman/gloss.php Rapid Prototyping at http://www.cc.utah.edu/~asn8200/rapid.html European collaboration on the topic athttp://rm-platform.com/
Description 1. "Contraptor is a work in progress aiming to create an open-design construction set, with CNC and Cartesian robots in mind. It consists of perforated aluminum angle of various lengths (Erector-style) and linear sliding elements actuated by belts and ...
From http://www.univie.ac.at/virtuallabs/Snowdrift/: " This is an interactive tutorial exploring the conditions for success and failure of cooperative behavior in two simple evolutionary games: the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Snowdrift game (the latter is also known as the Hawk-Dove or Chicken game).
These six facets of spimes are: 1. Small, inexpensive means of remotely and uniquely identifying objects over short ranges; in other words, radio-frequency identification. 2. A mechanism to precisely locate something on Earth, such as a global-positioning system. 3.
2010年12月5日 · As Zohar and Marshall point out, using the word ‘Mechanism’ as short-hand, in effect, for the Cartesian-Newtonian paradigm: “Mechanism stresses an unbridgeable gulf between human beings and the physical world. Human consciousness has no role or place in Newton’s vast world machine. As the French biologist Jacques Monod describes it, we ...
Benevolent Dictator. = one of the often-cited roles in Open Source projects, an aspect of Peer Governance. Benevolent Dictatorships = a form of peer governance where the ultimate authority lies with a few, sometimes one person.
