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URL encoding, officially known as percent-encoding, is a method to encode arbitrary data in a uniform resource identifier (URI) using only the US-ASCII characters legal within a URI.
Ventura International (or VENTURA_INT) is an 8-bit character encoding created by Ventura Software for use with Ventura Publisher. [1] Ventura International is based on the GEM character set, but ¢ and ø are swapped and ¥ and Ø are swapped so that it is more similar to code page 437 (on which GEM was based, but GEM is more similar to code ...
- Forward S-Box
- Inverse S-Box
- Design Criteria
The S-box maps an 8-bit input, c, to an 8-bit output, s = S(c). Both the input and output are interpreted as polynomials over GF(2). First, the input is mapped to its multiplicative inverse in GF(28) = GF(2) [x]/(x8 + x4 + x3 + x + 1), Rijndael's finite field. Zero, as the identity, is mapped to itself. This transformation is known as the Nyberg S-...
The inverse S-box is simply the S-box run in reverse. For example, the inverse S-box of b816 is 9a16. It is calculated by first calculating the inverse affine transformation of the input value, followed by the multiplicative inverse. The inverse affine transformation is as follows: 1. [ b 0 b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 b 7 ] = [ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 ...
The Rijndael S-box was specifically designed to be resistant to linear and differentialcryptanalysis. This was done by minimizing the correlation between linear transformations of input/output bits, and at the same time minimizing the difference propagation probability. The Rijndael S-box can be replaced in the Rijndael cipher,which defeats the sus...
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure ( HTTPS) is an extension of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). It uses encryption for secure communication over a computer network, and is widely used on the Internet. [1] [2] In HTTPS, the communication protocol is encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS) or, formerly, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
This is a list of file signatures, data used to identify or verify the content of a file. Such signatures are also known as magic numbers or Magic Bytes. Many file formats are not intended to be read as text. If such a file is accidentally viewed as a text file, its contents will be unintelligible.
UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding standard used for electronic communication. Defined by the Unicode Standard, the name is derived from Unicode Transformation Format – 8-bit. [1] UTF-8 is capable of encoding all 1,112,064 [a] valid Unicode code points using one to four one- byte (8-bit) code units.
Western Latin character sets (computing) Several 8-bit character sets (encodings) were designed for binary representation of common Western European languages ( Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Dutch, English, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, and Icelandic ), which use the Latin alphabet, a few additional letters and ones with ...
