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Recent discoveries of Bronze Age Near Eastern royal proclamations dating from 2400 to 1600 BCE leave no doubt that these edicts were implemented. During the Babylonian period they grew more elaborate and detailed. Now that these edicts are understood ...
2021年4月3日 · Šmihula identified six long-waves within modern society and the capitalist economy, each of which was initiated by a specific technological revolution: [. 1. Wave of the Financial-agricultural revolution (1600–1780) 2. Wave of the Industrial revolution (1780–1880) 3. Wave of the Technical revolution (1880–1940)
Description. David Korten: "The private-benefit corporation is an institution granted a legally protected right--some would claim obligation--to pursue a narrow private interest without regard to broader social and environmental consequences. If it were a real person, it would fit the clinical profile of a sociopath. The basic design of the ...
(Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World-System II: Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, 1600-1750, p. xxiii) For Wallerstein, the moment in which a state functions as a hegemonic power forms one stage of a recurrent four-stage cycle of hegemony:
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Ezio Manzini: "There is an urgent need to promote neweconomic models, new production systemsand new ideas of well-being. To define andimplement these new models is, of course,very difficult. But it is not impossible. And wedo not have to start from zero. Indeed, over the last few decades, amultiplicity of social “actors” (including institutions,ent...
Ezio Manzini: "These three examples of a new kind of relationship betweenfarmers and citizens and between food and agricultureare emblematic of a larger wave of social innovation3 thatis taking place around the world. Not only are we seeing anew way of eating emerging, a new relationship betweenproduction and consumption and between the city and th...
Sustainable Everyday Project http://www.sustainable-everyday.net and DESIS, http://www.desis-network.org ; SEP, http://www.sustainable-everyday.net.E.F Schumacher, Small is Beautiful, Economics as if People Mattered (London: Blond and Briggs, 1973).Francois Jegou and Ezio Manzini, Collaborative Services: Social innovation and design for sustainability, (Milano: Polidesign,Ainonghui, Farmers’ association, Liuzhou, Guangxi
"In 2005, in Liuzhou, Guangxi (China), a group of citizensfound that they could not access good, safe food in theordinary markets. They went to some villages, about atwo hour drive from the city, and found that traditionalagriculture models, though struggling, still survived inthe remote countryside. With the intention of helpingthe poor farmers and developing a stable channel ofgood, organic food, they found a social enterprise,Ainonghui. Today, this farmers’ association manages four organic...
Little Donkey Farm, Beijing, China
"Started in 2008, Little Donkey Farm is China’s firstcommunity-supported agricultural model. Locatedin a suburb of Beijing, about two hours drive fromthe city centre, the farm has, to date, 200 memberswho share the farm activities and 400 members whosubscribe to a weekly home delivery of a box of farmproduce. Already, the farm is the hub of an innovativefood network in Beijing with increasing numbers of eco-friendly and organic farms joining. The ultimate goal is to turn Little Donkey Farm in...
Hansalim, South Korea
"Launched in 1986, Hansalim is a Korean foodcooperative. As of August 2010, it boasts 2,302,000consumers and 2000 producers from 19 differentregions in South Korea. 2009 sales amounted to €100million. Hansalim (Korean for “save all living things”), aims topreserve the ecosystem while rebuilding communitieswhere producers and consumers are connected. Inan effort to support sustainable agriculture, 76% ofthe sales goes to producers and the balance is ear-marked as the cooperative’s operating co...
This Christian view has influenced almost all attitudes about usury since. In a sense, Luther and Calvin are responsible for today’s so-called “capitalism.”. They are responsible for the guilt many people feel from making money and the guilt that causes people to eagerly regulate the functions of capitalists.
Text Summary produced by Michel Bauwens on the basis of reading notes made out of mostly excerpts from Spengler himself. "The work falls naturally in two parts: - The first, 'Form and Actuality', starts from the form language of the Great Cultures, attempts to ...
