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2010年12月26日 · While efficiency and reliability are related, they are not the same. Efficiency is a measure of how well a system transforms its inputs into useful output. It is usually expressed in terms of the ratio of useful output to input. Reliability is a measure of how long a system performs without failing.
ScientificCommons.org identifies authors from all archives and makes their social and professional relationships transparent and visible to anyone across disciplinary, institutional and technological boundaries. At the time of this posting, ScientificCommons.org included nearly 25 million documents from around 100 different repositories around ...
- Introduction
- Contextual Citation
- Description
- Applications
- History
- Discussion
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Michel Bauwens: 5,000 years, Sumerian priests invented ledgers to count the rice coming in and out of the temples; this was the foundation of the state. In the 14th cy, a Franciscan monk invented double entry book accounting; this created capitalist accounting, a 'narcissic' form of accounting for individually competing entities, that cannot see th...
"I would never tell a traditional company to switch their accounting system to REA. But if you are organizing supply chains, joint ventures, multi-company collaboration spaces, or economic networks, it's all different." - Bob Haugen (email, July 2018)
1. Bob Haugen: "REA enables resource flow or process flow models at any level of granularity and aggregation, so that micro-models may be interconnected with macro-models and vice versa. The general pattern is Input-Process-Output, where the output of one process may become the input of another process, and so on (almost) ad infinitum. Both the inp...
Bob Haugen: "REA is a simple economic and accounting ontology that can handle all economic resources, not just monetary ones; can handle full economic cycles including production, distribution, and exchange; and can handle externalities (waste and degradation of resources) as well as generative resource flows. REA is usually presented as an enterpr...
= In the early 1980s Bill McCarthy first defines Resource-Event-Agent (REA) model for accounting systems and publishes many paperson the topic.
Bob Haugen on how REA developments fit in a Commons Economy
Bob Haugen: "What I miss is the importance of REA for what the P2P Foundationwants to do. You can get a hint of it from reading between some of the lines in this story:https://www.wired.com/story/how-the-blockchain-is-redefining-trust/ Key excerpt: "Consider traditional accounting, a multi-billion industry largelydominated by the ‘big four’ audit firms, Deloitte, KPMG, Ernst &Young, and PwC. The digital distributed ledger could transparentlyreport the financial transactions of an organization...
Gregg Cassel on how Scuttlebutt and the Holochain fit in a REA world
Greg Cassel: "REA accounting, Value Flows, and my own work seek to develop data formats for people (agents) to CREATE and share information accurately and efficiently. We build models to represent dynamic processes and systems which perform actions (inputs, outputs, transformations) on resources. We think this modeling will be deeply important to creating fair and just economies, mutually coordinated by groups of peers. However, these models may be useless (or worse) without data security. Sc...
https://bitbucket.org/ccomb/rea/ (very early project to combine odoo/rea in the context of Coopaname
The Terra is a demurrage-charged currency. A demurrage charge acts like a parking fee, incurring a cost over time to its holder. The cost for holding onto the Terra currency is estimated at 3.5%-4% per annum and corresponds to the costs incurred for storing the physical commodities included in the Terra basket.
John Quintiliani: * The Early Complementary Currency Movement. "The notion of complementary currencies is not just a theory, but is rooted in centuries of proven implementations. It is important to analyze the early and recent successful implementations to have a complete understanding of complementary currencies and their current uses.
2021年12月21日 · Chapter IV: Victory of the royal monopoly at the end of the XVth to the XVIth cy. Elias stresses that the political and the economical were still fused and that production was subject to violence, not yet a 'free competitive activity'. Follows a recapitulation of the inevitability of the monopolistic process.
2012年8月3日 · Cyberculture, the last truly utopian vision of the future, has ended in a clash, and left behind an ever-growing system of virtual life and actual death, of virtual knowledge and actual war. Our future, Berardi argues, has come and gone; the concept has lost its usefulness. Now it's our responsibility to decide what comes next.
