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Osaka (Japanese: 大阪市, Hepburn: Ōsaka-shi, pronounced; commonly just 大阪, Ōsaka ) is a designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan, and one of the three major cities of Japan (Tokyo-Osaka-Nagoya).It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the third-most populous city in Japan, following the special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama.
Japan is an island country in East Asia.It is in the northwest Pacific Ocean and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans an archipelago of 14,125 islands, with the five main islands being Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland ...
- Japanese yen (¥)
- Background
- Passengers
- Sequence of Events
- Delayed Rescue Operation
- Investigation
- Aftermath and Legacy
- In Popular Culture
- See Also
- Bibliography
Aircraft
The accident aircraft, a Boeing 747SR-46, registration JA8119 (serial number 20783, line number 230), was built and delivered to Japan Air Linesin 1974. It had accumulated slightly more than 25,000 flight hours and 18,800 cycles at the time of the accident (one cycle consisting of takeoff, cabin pressurization, depressurization, and landing).
1978 tailstrike incident
On June 2, 1978, while operating Japan Air Lines Flight 115 along the same route, JA8119 bounced heavily on landing while carrying out an instrument approach to runway 32L at Itami Airport. The pilot then excessively flared the aircraft, causing a severe tail strike on the second touchdown. No fatalities occurred among the 394 people on board, but 25 people were injured, 23 minor and 2 serious. The tailstrike cracked open the aft pressure bulkhead. The damage was repaired by Boeing technician...
Crew
At the time of the 1985 fatal accident, the aircraft was on the fifth of its six planned flights of the day.The flight had 15 crew members, including 3 cockpit crew and 12 cabin crew. The cockpit crew consisted of: 1. Captain Masami Takahama(高浜 雅己, Takahama Masami), aged 49, served as a training instructor for First Officer Yutaka Sasaki on the flight, supervising him while handling the radio communications,while also acting as the first officer. Takahama was a veteran pilot, having logged ar...
The flight was around the Obon holiday period in Japan when many Japanese people make yearly trips to their hometowns or resorts. Twenty-two non-Japanese were on board the flight, including four residents of Hong Kong, two each from Italy and the United States, and one each from West Germany and the United Kingdom.Some ostensible foreigners had dua...
Take-off and decompression
The aircraft landed as JL366 at Haneda Airport in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan from Fukuoka Airport at 5:12p.m. After almost an hour on the ground, Flight 123 pushed back from gate 18 at 6:04p.m. and took off from Runway 15L at 6:12p.m., 12 minutes behind schedule.: 17 Twelve minutes after takeoff at 6:24p.m., at near cruising altitude over Sagami Bay 3.5 miles (3.0 nmi; 5.6 km) east of Higashiizu, Shizuoka, the aircraft underwent rapid decompression,: 83 bringing down the ceiling around the rear lavato...
6:27–6:34 p.m.
Heading over the Izu Peninsula at 6:26p.m., the aircraft turned away from the Pacific Ocean and back toward the shore,: 150 but only turned right far enough to fly a north-westerly course. Seeing that the aircraft was still flying west away from Haneda, Tokyo Control contacted the aircraft again. After confirming that the pilots were declaring an emergency, the controller asked the nature of the emergency. At this point, hypoxia appears to have begun setting in, as the pilots did not respond....
6:34–6:48 p.m.: Limited control
At 6:35p.m. the flight engineer responded to multiple (hitherto unanswered) calls from Japan Air Tokyo via the SELCAL (selective-calling) system. Having just been informed about the inoperative oxygen masks, the flight engineer voiced the (erroneous) assumption that the R-5 door was broken and informed the company that they were making an emergency descent. Japan Air Tokyo asked if they intended to return to Haneda, to which the flight engineer responded that they were making an emergency des...
A United States Air Force navigator stationed at Yokota Air Base published an account in 1995, stating that the U.S. military had monitored the distress calls and prepared a search-and-rescue operation that was aborted at the call of Japanese authorities. A U.S. Air Force C-130 crew was the first to spot the crash site 20 minutes after impact, whil...
The official cause of the crash according to the report published by Japan's Aircraft Accident Investigation Commissionis: 1. The aircraft was involved in a tailstrike incident at Osaka International Airport seven years earlier as JAL Flight 115, which damaged the aircraft's aft pressure bulkhead. 2. The subsequent repair of the bulkhead did not co...
The Japanese public's confidence in Japan Air Lines took a dramatic downturn in the wake of the disaster, with passenger numbers on domestic routes dropping by one-third. Rumors persisted that Boeing had admitted fault to cover up shortcomings in the airline's inspection procedures, thereby protecting the reputation of a major customer. In the mont...
The events of Flight 123 were featured in "Out of Control", a season-three (2005) episode of the Canadian TV series Mayday, which is entitled Air Emergency and Air Disasters in the U.S., and Air Cr...It is featured in season 1, episode 2, of the TV show Why Planes Crash, in an episode called "Breaking Point".The documentary series Aircrash Confidential featured the crash in a second-season episode titled "Poor Maintenance", which first aired on March 15, 2012, on the Discovery Channelin the United King...The National Geographic Channel's documentary series Seconds from Disasterfeatured the accident in season six, episode six, titled "Terrified over Tokyo", released December 3, 2012.Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission (June 19, 1987). Nihonkōkū (kabu) shozoku Boeing 747 SR-100-gata JA8119 Gunma ken Tano-gun Ueno-mura 日本航空(株)所属 ボーイング 747SR-100型 JA8119 群馬県多野郡上野村 [Japan Ai...Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission (December 14, 1978). Nihonkōkū kabushikigaisha shozoku bōingu-shiki 747 SR-100-gata JA8119 ni kansuru kōkū jiko hōkoku-sho 日本航空株式会社所属 ボーイング式747SR-100型JA81...Hood, Christopher (2013). Dealing with Disaster with Japan: Responses to the Flight JL123 Crash. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136641091.其他人也問了
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Politics of Osaka City, as in all municipalities of Japan, takes place in the framework of local autonomy that is guaranteed by chapter 8 of the Constitution and laid out in the Local Autonomy Law.As one of Japan's 20 major cities designated by government ordinance (seirei shitei toshi), Osaka City has some administrative responsibilities that are handled by the prefectures in ordinary ...
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A plan of the cities of London and Westminster, and borough of Southwark is a 1746 map of the City of London and surrounding area, surveyed by John Rocque and engraved by John Pine. Rocque combined two surveying techniques: he made a ground-level survey with a compass and a physical metal chain – the unit of length also being the chain.
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