搜尋結果
The reign of John II (1350–64) was a period of social dissolution and state collapse, while that of his son Charles V (1364–80) was a time of national consolidation and territorial reconquest. This is a general dynamical pattern of alternation between very turbulent and relatively peaceful spells that is observed again and again during the secular disintegrative phases.
Abu-Lughod J (1989) Before European hegemony: the world system AD 1250–1350. Oxford University Press, New York Bentley JH (1996) Shapes of world history in twentieth century scholarship. Essays on global and comparative history. American Historical
K8 Pepper 1350 K9 Guinea gold 1420 LC5 Portugal K10 Spices 1492 K11 Baltic trade 1540 LC6 Dutch Republic K12 Asian trade 1580 K13 American plantations 1640 LC7 Britain I K14 Amerasian trade 1680 K15 Cotton, iron 1740 LC8 Britain II K16 Railroads
world system economy experienced its apogee between 1250 and 1350 and declined to (virtual) extinction thereafter, before being reborn in southern and Western Europe in the sixteenth century. In her words, "of crucial importance is the fact that the She ...
book explains how a succession of catastrophes—from the devastating Black Death of 1350 through the coming climate crisis of 2050—has produced a relentless succession of rising empires and fading world orders. During the long centuries of Iberian ...
2024年4月13日 · Civilizational Analysis. To inquire into the relationship between heaven and human, to comprehend the vicissitudes of past and present, and to form a single narrative of it all. - Sima Qian, 100 BCE [1] For Part Two of our pages on Civilizational Analysis, go to: Thematic Approaches on Civilizational History.
