China has already formed a much larger and better down-top ecosystem, manifesting the ultimate goal of the Maker Movement – democratizing innovation. We call it the New Shanzhai. The Chinese word for Shanzhai can be traced back to year 1999-2000, representing the act of copying and duplicating brand products. In recent years, Shanzhai has ...
Wrote one of the first histories 'of the world', as he knew it, i.e. China and its border regions. 1. "Sima Qian (Szu-ma Chien; 司馬遷 c. 145 or 135 BC – 86 BC) was a Chinese historian of the Han dynasty. He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his work, the Records of the Grand Historian, a Jizhuanti-style (纪传体 ...
2010年2月21日 · The documentary = a Finnish-made documentary about Linux from 2001, featuring some of the most influential people of the free software movement.It’s in English with ...
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Please note that long cycles come in different forms: 1. The long waves or 'long cycles' terminology is most often used for the Kondratieff Cycles, economic cycles that take about 50 years in their ascending and descending (or stagnation) phases. 1. In contrast, there are Very Long Cycles such as the Hegemonic Cycle, the latter being a political...
Joshua Goldstein: 1. "Long waves (or Kondratieff Cycles) are defined by alternating economic phases an expansion phase (for which I will often use the more convenient term upswing) and a stagnation phase (which I will often call the downswing). These economic phase periods are not uniform in length or quality. The transition point from an expansion...
Joshua Goldstein: 1. "The overall empirical evidence for long waves is still quite mixed, but surprising consensus is found on the dating of price phases. Drawing on the existing literature, I develop a consensual base dating scheme covering 1495-1975. The debate on long waves has proceeded in two rounds of activity, centered in the 1930s and 1970s...
Joshua Goldstein: 1. The publication of Kondratieff's (pronounced and sometimes written "Kondratyev") seminal article, "The Long Waves in Economic Life," in English in 1935 (9 years after its German appearance) marked the high point of interest in the first round of the debate, about 50 years ago. ... The year 1790 is the starting date of Kondratie...
Four Theories
Joshua Goldstein: "The first round of the long wave debate was dominated by four theories, associated respectively with Nikolai Kondratieff, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Schumpeter, and a group of mostly European scholars." The four approaches may be summarized as follows:
From the Wikipedia: 1. George Modelski, who presented his ideas in the book Long Cycles in World Politics(1987), is the chief architect of long cycle theory. Long cycle theory describes the connection between war cycles, economic supremacy, and the political aspects of world leadership. Long cycles, or long waves, offer perspectives on global polit...
Long Cycle theory is documented in the following book: 1. Long Cycles: Prosperity and War in the Modern Age. By Joshua S Goldstein.
Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gc_EZWUHBkg&t=801s Reviews five theories on the origins of the state form ; "part of his lecture series entitled, "Getting ...
An article should be written here on the subject: Culture is the sum or wholeness of commons in a society. See Monasteries_of_the_Future
10 part series, on Jean Gebser's book, The Ever-Present Origin; Part 1 starts here under the title, John David Ebert Lecture on Jean Gebser 1/10, at https://www ...
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