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Childhood cataracts are the primary cause of childhood blindness. [4] Childhood cataracts make up 7.4% to 15.3% of blindness in kids. [4] The prevalence of childhood cataracts ranges from 0.63/10,000 to 9.74/10,000 children, with a median of 1.71. [6] This is dependent on factors like economic status but not gender or laterality. [6]
Medical genetics, ophthalmology. Congenital cataracts are a lens opacity that is present at birth. Congenital cataracts occur in a broad range of severity. Some lens opacities do not progress and are visually insignificant, others can produce profound visual impairment. Congenital cataracts may be unilateral or bilateral.
Multiple sclerosis ( MS) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. [3] This damage disrupts the ability of parts of the nervous system to transmit signals, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems.
- Unknown
- Disease-Modifying Therapies, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy
- Based on symptoms and medical tests
- Age 20–50
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that attacks the immune system.It can be managed with treatment. Without treatment it can lead to a spectrum of conditions including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Effective treatment for HIV-positive people (people living with HIV) involves a life-long regimen of medicine to suppress the virus, making the viral load undetectable.
- 40.4 million total deaths, 630,000 (2022)
- Early: Flu-like illness, Later: Large lymph nodes, fever, weight loss
Syphilis ( / ˈsɪfəlɪs /) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. [1] The signs and symptoms of syphilis vary depending in which of the four stages it presents (primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary). [1] [2] The primary stage classically presents with a single chancre (a firm ...
- Treponema pallidum, usually spread by sex
- Firm, painless, non-itchy skin ulcer
- 107,000 (2015, global)
- Antibiotics
The Chernobyl disaster [a] began on 26 April 1986 with the explosion of the No. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR, close to the border with the Byelorussian SSR, in the Soviet Union. [1] It is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rated at seven—the maximum severity ...
COVID-19 is the deadliest pandemic in US history; [358] it was the third-leading cause of death in the US in 2020, behind heart disease and cancer. [359] From 2019 to 2020, US life expectancy dropped by 3 years for Hispanic Americans, 2.9 years for African Americans, and 1.2 years for white Americans. [360]
