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Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Glucosamine is part of the structure of two polysaccharides, chitosan and chitin. Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides.[2] Produced commercially by the hydrolysis of shellfish exoskeletons or ...
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6.Glucose is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, a subcategory of carbohydrates.Glucose is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight, where it is used to make cellulose in cell walls, the most abundant carbohydrate in the world.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism.[2] It is one of eight B vitamins. It is required by animals, which use it as a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.[3] It is important in the normal functioning of the nervous system via its role in the synthesis of ...
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic used medically for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It is also used as a treatment for depression and pain management.[18] It is a novel compound that was derived from phencyclidine in 1962 in pursuit of a safer anesthetic with fewer hallucinogenic effects.[19][20] At anesthetic doses, ketamine ...
β-Glucuronidase. β-Glucuronidases are members of the glycosidase family of enzymes that catalyze breakdown of complex carbohydrates. [2] Human β-glucuronidase is a type of glucuronidase (a member of glycosidase Family 2) that catalyzes hydrolysis of β- D - glucuronic acid residues from the non-reducing end of mucopolysaccharides (also ...
Semaglutide is an antidiabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and an anti-obesity medication used for long-term weight management.[19][20][21] It is a peptide similar to the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), modified with a side chain.[22][23] It can be administered by subcutaneous injection or taken orally.[24][13 ...
Paracetamol (acetaminophen[a]) is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic agent used to treat fever and mild to moderate pain.[13][14][15] It is a widely used over the counter medication. Common brand names include Tylenol and Panadol. At a standard dose, paracetamol slightly decreases body temperature;[14][16][17] it is inferior to ibuprofen ...
