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The Tiananmen Square protests, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, [1] [2] [a] were student-led demonstrations held in Tiananmen Square, Beijing, China, lasting from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a peaceful resolution, the Chinese government ...
- 15 April – 4 June 1989, (1 month, 2 weeks and 6 days)
- 1989-nìhn cheūnhaah jígáau dī jingchìh fūngbō
- 1989-nin4 ceon1ci4 fung1bo1
- See Death toll
The Nanjing Massacre[2] or the Rape of Nanjing (formerly romanized as Nanking[note 2]) was the mass murder of Chinese civilians in Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, immediately after the Battle of Nanking in the Second Sino-Japanese War, by the Imperial Japanese Army.[3][4][5][6] Beginning on December 13, 1937, the massacre lasted ...
- From December 13, 1937, for six weeks
- 200,000 (consensus), estimates range from 40,000 to over 300,000.
Dayang Jingxuan ( simplified Chinese: 大阳警玄; traditional Chinese: 大陽警玄; Japanese: Taiyo Keigen) was a Zen Buddhist monk during the early Song Dynasty.
- History
- Causes
- Global Prevalence
- Investigation
- Measurement
- Independent Oversight
- See Also
- Further Reading
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The origin of modern policing can be traced back to the 18th century in France. By the 19th and early 20th centuries, many nations had established modern police departments. Early records suggest that labor strikes were the first large-scale incidents of police brutality in the United States, including events like the Great Railroad Strike of 1877,...
The persistence of police brutality in many nations can be linked to a collective failure of the criminal justice system. Governments enacting hard on crime policies, poor police training, and a lack of legal repercussions for officers who use excessive force against civilians all increase the likelihood of police brutality occurring. Additionally,...
The Amnesty International 2007 report on human rights also documented widespread police misconduct in many other countries, especially countries with authoritarianregimesIn the UK, the reports into the death of New Zealand teacher and anti-racism campaigner Blair Peach in 1979 was published on the Metropolitan Police website on 27 April 2010. They concluded that Pe...In the UK, Ian Tomlinson was filmed by an American tourist being hit with a baton and pushed to the floor as he was walking home from work during the 2009 G-20 London summit protests. Tomlinson the...In the UK, in 2005, a young Brazilian man was arrested and shot by Metropolitan Police in Central London. The man, Jean Charles Menezes, died later.In England and Wales, an independent organization known as the Independent Police Complaints Commission(IPCC) investigates reports of police misconduct. They automatically investigate any deaths caused by or thought to be caused by, police action. A similar body known as the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner (PIRC) operates in Scotland....
Police brutality is measured based on the accounts of people who have experienced or seen it, as well as the juries who are present for trials involving police brutality cases, as there is no objective method to quantify the use of excessive force for any particular situation.[citation needed] In addition to this, police brutality may also be filme...
Various community groups have criticized police brutality. These groups often stress the need for oversight by independent civilian review boards and other methods of ensuring accountability for police action.[citation needed] Umbrella organizations and justice committees usually support those affected. Amnesty International is a non-governmental o...
della Porta, Donatella (1998). Policing protest : the control of mass demonstrations in Western democracies. Univ. of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-3063-1.Donner, Frank J. (1990). Protectors of privilege : red squads and police repression in urban America. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-05951-4.Earl, Jennifer S.; Soule, Sarah A. (2006). "Seeing Blue: A Police-Centered Explanation of Protest Policing". Mobilization. 11 (2): 145–164. doi:10.17813/maiq.11.2.u1wj8w41n301627u.t. e. The Columbine High School massacre, commonly referred to as Columbine, was a school shooting and attempted bombing that occurred on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado, United States. [b] The perpetrators, twelfth-grade students Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, murdered twelve students and one teacher.
Chinese romanisation. Phofsit Daibuun (PSDB) (普實臺文) is an orthography in the Latin alphabet for Taiwanese Hokkien based on Modern Literal Taiwanese. It is able to use the ASCII character set to indicate the proper variation of pitch without any subsidiary scripts or diacritic symbols.
What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Download QR code Central Police University (CPU; traditional Chinese: 中央警察大學; simplified Chinese: 中央警察大学; pinyin: Zhōngyāng Jǐngchá Dàxué; Pe h-ōe-jī: Tiong-iong Kéng-chhat Tāi-ha k) is a police academy located in Guishan District, Taoyuan ...
