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  1. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › RecyclingRecycling - Wikipedia

    Municipal waste recycling rate (%), 2015. Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. This concept often includes the recovery of energy from waste materials. The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in its original state. [1]

  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › PsilocybinPsilocybin - Wikipedia

    Psilocybin [a] (/ ˌ s aɪ l ə ˈ s aɪ b ɪ n / sy-lə-SY-bin, / ˌ s ɪ l-/) is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi.The most potent are members of genus Psilocybe, such as P. azurescens, P. semilanceata, and P. cyanescens, but psilocybin has also been isolated from about a dozen other genera.

    • C₁₂H₁₇N₂O₄P
    • 284.252 g·mol−1
    • 220–228 °C (428–442 °F)
    • Soluble
    • Uses
    • History
    • Physical Properties
    • Copolymers
    • Production
    • Environmental Concerns
    • Safety
    • Bottle Processing Equipment
    • Polyester Recycling
    • See Also

    Textiles

    Polyester fibres are widely used in the textile industry. The invention of the polyester fibre is attributed to J. R. Whinfield. It was first commercialized in the 1940s by ICI, under the brand 'Terylene'. Subsequently E. I. DuPontlaunched the brand 'Dacron'. As of 2022, there are many brands around the world, mostly Asian. Polyester fibres are used in fashion apparel often blended with cotton, as heat insulation layers in thermal wear, sportswear and workwear and automotive upholstery.

    Rigid packaging

    Plastic bottles made from PET are widely used for soft drinks, both still and sparkling. For beverages that are degraded by oxygen, such as beer, a multilayer structure is used. PET sandwiches an additional polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) or polyamide(PA) layer to further reduce its oxygen permeability. Non-oriented PET sheet can be thermoformed to make packaging trays and blister packs. Crystallizable PET withstands freezing and oven baking temperatures.: 1378 Both amorphous PET and BoPET are trans...

    Flexible packaging

    Biaxially oriented PET (BOPET) film (often known by one of its trade names, "Mylar") can be aluminized by evaporating a thin film of metal onto it to reduce its permeability, and to make it reflective and opaque (MPET). These properties are useful in many applications, including flexible food packaging and thermal insulation (such as space blankets).

    PET was patented in 1941 by John Rex Whinfield, James Tennant Dickson and their employer the Calico Printers' Association of Manchester, England. E. I. DuPont de Nemours in Delaware, United States, first used the trademark Mylar in June 1951 and received registration of it in 1952.It is still the best-known name used for polyester film. The current...

    PET in its most stable state is a colorless, semi-crystalline resin. However it is intrinsically slow to crystallize compared to other semicrystalline polymers. Depending on processing conditions it can be formed into either amorphous or crystalline articles. Its amenability to drawing makes PET useful in fibre and film applications. Like most arom...

    PET is copolymerized with other diols or diacids to optimize the properties for particular applications. For example, cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) can be added to the polymer backbone in place of ethylene glycol. Since this building block is much larger (six additional carbon atoms) than the ethylene glycol unit it replaces, it does not fit in with...

    Polyethylene terephthalate is produced from ethylene glycol (usually referred to in the trade as "MEG", for monoethylene glycol) and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) (C6H4(CO2CH3)2) but mostly terephthalic acid (known in the trade as "PTA", for purified terephthalic acid). As of 2022, ethylene glycol is made from ethene found in natural gas, while tere...

    Resource depletion

    Compared to the use of petroleum as fuel, however, the amount of crude oil processed into PET is very small. The total production capacity of PET is around 30 million tons, compared to 4.2 billion tons of crude oil production,thus around 0.7% of crude oil is processed into PET.

    Commentary published in Environmental Health Perspectives in April 2010 suggested that PET might yield endocrine disruptors under conditions of common use and recommended research on this topic. Proposed mechanisms include leaching of phthalates as well as leaching of antimony.An article published in Journal of Environmental Monitoring in April 201...

    There are two basic molding methods for PET bottles, one-step and two-step. In two-step molding, two separate machines are used. The first machine injection molds the preform, which resembles a test tube, with the bottle-cap threads already molded into place. The body of the tube is significantly thicker, as it will be inflated into its final shape...

    Worldwide, 480 billion plastic drinking bottles were made in 2016 (and less than half were recycled). While most thermoplastics can, in principle, be recycled, PET bottle recycling is more practical than many other plastic applications because of the high value of the resin and the almost exclusive use of PET for widely used water and carbonated so...

  3. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › 00 - Wikipedia

    0 (zero) is a number representing an empty quantity. Adding 0 to any number leaves that number unchanged. In mathematical terminology, 0 is the additive identity of the integers, rational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers, as well as other algebraic structures. Multiplying any number by 0 has the result 0, and consequently, division ...

  4. The United Nations ( UN) is a diplomatic and political [2] international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. [3] It is the world's largest international ...

  5. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › CheetahCheetah - Wikipedia

    The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a large cat and the fastest land animal. It has a tawny to creamy white or pale buff fur that is marked with evenly spaced, solid black spots. The head is small and rounded, with a short snout and black tear-like facial streaks. It reaches 67–94 cm (26–37 in) at the shoulder, and the head-and-body length ...

  6. 395. Inscription. 1987 (11th Session) The Leaning Tower of Pisa ( Italian: torre pendente di Pisa [ˈtorre penˈdɛnte di ˈpiːza, - ˈpiːsa] [1] ), or simply the Tower of Pisa ( torre di Pisa ), is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is known for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unstable foundation.

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