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Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from the Latin word aurum) and the atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal, a group 11 element, and one of the noble metals. It is one of the least reactive chemical elements ...
Mexico,[a][b] officially the United Mexican States,[c] is a country in the southern portion of North America. It covers 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi),[11] making it the world's 13th-largest country by area; with a population of almost 130 million, it is the 10th-most-populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country.[12] Mexico ...
- Federal presidential republic
- Characteristics
- History
- Alternative Definitions
- Implementations
- Trust and Security
- Communities
- Conferences
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In their 2001 book The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web, Ward Cunningham and co-author Bo Leufdescribed the essence of the Wiki concept: 1. "A wiki invites all users—not just experts—to edit any page or to create new pages within the wiki web site, using only a standard 'plain-vanilla' Web browser without any extra add-ons." 2. "Wiki promot...
WikiWikiWeb was the first wiki. Ward Cunningham started developing WikiWikiWeb in Portland, Oregon, in 1994, and installed it on the Internet domain c2.com on March 25, 1995. It was named by Cunningham, who remembered a Honolulu International Airport counter employee telling him to take the "Wiki Wiki Shuttle" bus that runs between the airport's te...
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the word "wiki" was used to refer to both user-editable websites and the software that powers them; the latter definition is still occasionally in use. Wiki inventor Ward Cunningham wrote in 2014 that the word "wiki" should not be used to refer to a single website, but rather to a mass of user-editable pages or si...
Wiki software is a type of collaborative software that runs a wiki system, allowing web pages to be created and edited using a common web browser. It may be implemented as a series of scripts behind an existing web server or as a standalone application server that runs on one or more web servers. The content is stored in a file system, and changes ...
Controlling changes
Wikis are generally designed with the philosophy of making it easy to correct mistakes, rather than making it difficult to make them. Thus, while wikis are very open, they provide a means to verify the validity of recent additions to the body of pages. The most prominent, on almost every wiki, is the "Recent Changes" page—a specific list showing recent edits, or a list of edits made within a given time frame. Some wikis can filter the list to remove minor edits and edits made by automatic imp...
Trustworthiness and reliability of content
Critics of publicly editable wiki systems argue that these systems could be easily tampered with by malicious individuals ("vandals") or even by well-meaning but unskilled users who introduce errors into the content, while proponents maintain that the community of users can catch such malicious or erroneous content and correct it. Lars Aronsson, a data systems specialist, summarizes the controversy as follows: "Most people when they first learn about the wiki concept, assume that a Web site t...
Security
The open philosophy of wiki – allowing anyone to edit content – does not ensure that every editor's intentions are well-mannered. For example, vandalism (changing wiki content to something offensive, adding nonsense, maliciously removing content, or deliberately adding incorrect information, such as hoax information) can be a major problem. On larger wiki sites, such as those run by the Wikimedia Foundation, vandalism can go unnoticed for some period of time. Wikis, because of their open natu...
Applications
The English Wikipedia has the largest user base among wikis on the World Wide Web and ranks in the top 10 among all Web sites in terms of traffic. Other large wikis include the WikiWikiWeb, Memory Alpha, Wikivoyage, and previously Susning.nu, a Swedish-language knowledge base. Medical and health-related wiki examples include Ganfyd, an online collaborative medical reference that is edited by medical professionals and invited non-medical experts. Many wiki communities are private, particularly...
City wikis
A city wiki (or local wiki) is a wiki used as a knowledge base and social network for a specific geographical locale. The term 'city wiki' or its foreign language equivalent (e.g. German 'Stadtwiki') is sometimes also used for wikis that cover not just a city, but a small town or an entire region. A city wiki contains information about specific instances of things, ideas, people and places. Much of this information might not be appropriate for encyclopediassuch as Wikipedia (e.g. articles on...
WikiNodes
WikiNodes are pages on wikis that describe related wikis. They are usually organized as neighbors and delegates. A neighbor wiki is simply a wiki that may discuss similar content or may otherwise be of interest. A delegate wiki is a wiki that agrees to have certain content delegated to that wiki.One way of finding a wiki on a specific subject is to follow the wiki-node network from wiki to wiki.
Active conferences and meetings about wiki-related topics include: 1. Atlassian Summit, an annual conference for users of Atlassian software, including Confluence. 2. OpenSym (called WikiSym until 2014), an academic conferencededicated to research about wikis and open collaboration. 3. SMWCon, a bi-annual conference for users and developers of Sema...
Joint authorship of articles, in which different users participate in correcting, editing, and compiling the finished product, can also cause editors to become tenants in common of the copyright, making it impossible to republish without permission of all co-owners, some of whose identities may be unknown due to pseudonymous or anonymous editing. W...
Sources
1. Ebersbach, Anja (2008), Wiki: Web Collaboration, Springer Science+Business Media, ISBN 978-3-540-35150-4
Wiki at CurlieExploring with Wiki, an interview with Ward Cunninghamby Bill VernersMurphy, Paula (April 2006). Topsy-turvy World of Wiki. University of California.China's was the only major world economy to experience GDP growth in 2020, when its GDP increased by 2.3%. [101] However, it posted one of its worst economic performances in decades because of COVID-19 in 2022. [102] In 2023, IMF predicted China to continue being one of the fastest growing major economies. [103]
The golden ratio's negative −φ and reciprocal φ−1 are the two roots of the quadratic polynomial x2 + x − 1. The golden ratio is also an algebraic number and even an algebraic integer. It has minimal polynomial. This quadratic polynomial has two roots, and. The golden ratio is also closely related to the polynomial.
Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo or gingko (/ ˈ ɡ ɪ ŋ k oʊ, ˈ ɡ ɪ ŋ k ɡ oʊ / GINK-oh, - goh), also known as the maidenhair tree, is a species of gymnosperm tree native to East Asia.It is the last living species in the order Ginkgoales, which first appeared over 290 million years ago, and fossils very similar to the living species, belonging to the genus Ginkgo, extend back to ...
References. List of countries by GDP (nominal) Largest economies in the world by GDP (nominal) in 2024. according to International Monetary Fund estimates [n 1] [1] Countries by nominal GDP in 2019 [n 2] Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year. [2] .
