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Non-specific effects can be strongly beneficial by increasing protection against non-targeted infections. [1] This has been shown with two live attenuated vaccines, BCG vaccine and measles vaccine, through multiple randomized controlled trials. [1] Theoretically, non-specific effects of vaccines may be detrimental, increasing overall mortality ...
Poliomyelitis (/ˌpoʊlioʊˌmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/ POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.[1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic;[5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck ...
- Fever, sore throat
- No treatment other than supportive care
Metformin, sold under the brand name Glucophage, among others, is the main first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes,[12][13][14][15] particularly in people who are overweight.[13] It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.[14] It is sometimes used as an off-label adjunct to lessen the risk of metabolic ...
Human papillomavirus infection ( HPV infection) is caused by a DNA virus from the Papillomaviridae family. [5] Many HPV infections cause no symptoms and 90% resolve spontaneously within two years. [1] In some cases, an HPV infection persists and results in either warts or precancerous lesions. [2] These lesions, depending on the site affected ...
- Human papillomavirus spread by direct contact
- None, warts
- Most people are infected at some point in time
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells. It is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families. Dopamine constitutes about 80% of the catecholamine content in the brain. It is an amine synthesized by removing a carboxyl group from ...
Paracetamol (acetaminophen[a]) is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic agent used to treat fever and mild to moderate pain.[13][14][15] It is a widely used over the counter medication. Common brand names include Tylenol and Panadol. At a standard dose, paracetamol only slightly reduces fever;[14][16][17] it is inferior to ibuprofen in that ...
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication[7][8] which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).[7][9] It appears as a white microcrystalline granule.[10] Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata.[11] It plays an essential ...
