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Wikipedia[note 3] is a free content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the use of the wiki-based editing system MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history.[3][4] It is consistently ranked as one of the ten most popular ...
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129,000–226,000. On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The bombings killed between 129,000 and 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians, and remain the only use of nuclear weapons in an armed conflict. Japan surrendered to the Allies on 15 August, six days ...
- 6 and 9 August 1945
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Shafik was born in Alexandria, Egypt, to Muslim parents who were both educators. Her father was a scientist and wealthy landowner. As a child, she went to Schutz American School. When she was four, the Egyptian government nationalized (brought into public ownership) her father's property and the family moved to Savannah, Georgia in the mid-1960s, t...
After Oxford, Shafik joined the World Bank and held a variety of roles, starting in the research department where she worked on global economic modelling and forecasting and then later on environmental issues. She moved to do macroeconomic work on Europe and the Middle East where she published a number of books and articles on the region's economic...
London School of Economics
On 12 September 2016, it was announced that Shafik had been appointed as the next Director of the London School of Economics, replacing sociologist Craig Calhoun. She took up the post on 1 September 2017. During Shafik's directorship of the LSE, levels of academic casualisation increased, with the number of academics on fixed term contracts increasing from 55 percent in 2016 through 2017 to 59 percent in 2021 through 2022, according to Higher Education Statistical Agency data. This rise occur...
President of Columbia University
On January 18, 2023, Columbia University's board of trustees announced Shafik's appointment as president of the university. She became president of Columbia University on July 1, 2023.Her inauguration occurred on October 4, 2023. After the Israel–Hamas conflict intensified in October 2023, and an altercation concerning an Israeli student lead to legal action, Shafik issued a statement saying that if "speech is unlawful or violates University rules, it will not be tolerated". While some, inclu...
Shafik has authored Prospects for the Middle East and North African Economies: from Boom to Bust and Back? (1998) and What We Owe Each Other: A New Social Contract for a Better Society (2021). She was also the editor of Economic Challenges Facing Middle Eastern and North African Countries(1998). She has written articles for publications including O...
Shafik has chaired several international consultative groups including: the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor, the Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme, the Global Water and Sanitation Program, Cities Alliance, InfoDev, the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility, and the Global Corporate Governance Forum. She served on a numbe...
Shafik was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the June 2015 Queen's Birthday Honours. She was named "GG2 Woman of the Year" in 2009. She was named as one of Forbes 100 most powerful women in 2015and received the 100 Women in Finance European Industry Leaders Award in 2019. She was gazetted as Baroness Shafik, of Camde...
Shafik married economist Mohamed El-Erian in 1990 during their time working for the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, respectively. In 2002, Shafik married her second husband, scientist Raffael Jovine, with whom she has twin children and three stepchildren. Her daughter Olivia Jovine graduated from Columbia University's urban planning pro...
"New top civil servant for DFID". DFID.gov.uk. 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
v. t. e. The 2024 Summer Olympics ( French: Jeux olympiques d'été de 2024 ), officially the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad (French: Jeux de la XXXIIIe Olympiade) and commonly known as Paris 2024, is an upcoming international multi-sport event scheduled to take place from 26 July to 11 August 2024 in France, with Paris as the main host city and ...
Weezer is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1992. Since 2001, the band has consisted of Rivers Cuomo (lead vocals, guitar, keyboards), Patrick Wilson (drums, backing vocals), Brian Bell (guitar, keyboards, backing vocals), and Scott Shriner (bass guitar, keyboards, backing vocals). They have sold 10 million albums in ...
Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, record producer, and actor. The recipient of numerous awards and nominations, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest musicians of his generation. [7] He was known for his flamboyant, androgynous persona; [8] [9] his wide vocal ...
Current legislation. The General Data Protection Regulation ( Regulation (EU) 2016/679, abbreviated GDPR) is a European Union regulation on information privacy in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA). The GDPR is an important component of EU privacy law and human rights law, in particular Article 8 (1) of the Charter of ...
