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2023年1月29日 · Description. James Moore: "The end of cheap nature is best comprehended as the exhaustion of the value-relations that have periodically restored the “Four Cheaps”: labor-power, food, energy, and raw materials. Crucially, these value-relations are co-produced by and through humans with the rest of nature."
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Summary by Jose Ramos: Practices of colonialism were supported by theories of economic development first developed by Adam Smith (Campbell, 1997, pp. 41-43), later buttressed by an ideology of white superiority, supported by pseudo-scientific theories of racisms (Inayatullah, 1997a, pp. 68-75), and resting on ‘Rise of the West’ assumptions that wou...
Michel Bauwens 1
1. How does peer-to-peer engage with the space/spatiality of that particular discourse/perspective? E.g. what is real in the discourse (such as structures, variables, factors, agents, actors)? 2. How does peer-to-peer engage with temporality? E.g. the historical narrative and futures trajectory offered by that discourse/perspective? 3. How does each perspective engaged with the contemporary crisis of capitalist? 4. How does each perspective consider the transition from the old regime to the n...
José Ramos
Part of the beauty of the alternative development perspective is its wholesale critique of the idea of Western led development that follows the “rise of the West” conception of history. From this point view, it was not so much that the West naturally evolved through social economic forms such as industrialism, and then exported them to the non-West, but rather that the West drew upon and took from the industrial practices already existent around the world and then proceeded to de-develop and...
Michel Bauwens 2
Hi Jose, In your response, you ask: - Neotraditional economics does in a sense begin to address this vision of diversity of economic forms. But what does peer-to-peer offer in terms of the coherence or furthering of such neotraditional possibilities? In particular within a nationalist framework? To answer this, we must distinguish the specific project of neotraditional economics from p2p in its more general sense of peer production. The first is above all a cultural force to reconnect with ex...
Other perspectives discussed in this series: Done to date: 1. Reform Liberalism 2. Alternative Development 3. Cosmopolitanism 4. Neo-Marxism To be done: 1. Re-localisation 2. Ecumenism 3. En-gendered 4. Co-Evolution 5. Auto-nomistic 6. Indigenous Struggles for Equipotentiality
The main reason for planning is to abolish the anarchy of the market. That is, abolish the competition between large privately owned companies, and replace their competition with a general plan. The central state should not be involved in details which should be taken care of lower down the line.
Peeragogy takes that “center” and distributes it across a pool of heterogeneous relationships. Indeed, peeragogy can be understood as an up-to-date revision of Alexander’s NETWORK OF LEARNING [Alexander et al. 1977, p. 99]. It decentralizes the process of learning and enriches it through contact with many places and people in ...
我们将在研究P2P模式的特点时详细定义这些术语，以下是最普遍和最重要的一些特征： P2P是指被创造的如下的生产方式： - 通过生产者（他们可以取得所分配的资本）之间的自由合作产生使用价值：这就是对等生产模式，“第三种生产模式”，不同于国有企业的公营或营利性生产。
