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7-Eleven, Inc. [2] is a convenience store chain, headquartered in Irving, Texas and owned by Japanese company Seven & I Holdings through Seven-Eleven Japan Co., Ltd. [3] The chain was founded in 1927 as an ice house storefront in Dallas. It was named Tote'm Stores between 1928 and 1946.
- 1927 (96 years ago), as Southland Ice Company
- 135,332 (2021)
An automated teller machine ( ATM) is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to perform financial transactions, such as cash withdrawals, deposits, funds transfers, balance inquiries or account information inquiries, at any time and without the need for direct interaction with bank staff.
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List of chemical elements. As of February 2024, 118 chemical elements have been identified and named officially by IUPAC. A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z ). [1]
- Introduction
- Structure
- Function
- Regulation
- Germline Mutations and Cancer Risk
- Somatic ATM Mutations in Sporadic Cancers
- Frequent Epigenetic Deficiencies of ATM in Cancers
- Meiosis
- Inhibitors
- Tefu
Throughout the cell cycle DNA is monitored for damage. Damages result from errors during replication, by-products of metabolism, general toxic drugs or ionizing radiation. The cell cycle has different DNA damage checkpoints, which inhibit the next or maintain the current cell cycle step. There are two main checkpoints, the G1/S and the G2/M, during...
The ATM gene codes for a 350 kDa protein consisting of 3056 amino acids. ATM belongs to the superfamily of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (PIKKs). The PIKK superfamily comprises six Ser/Thr-protein kinases that show a sequence similarity to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks). This protein kinase family includes ATR (ATM- and RAD3...
A complex of the three proteins MRE11, RAD50 and NBS1 (XRS2 in yeast), called the MRN complex in humans, recruits ATM to double strand breaks (DSBs) and holds the two ends together. ATM directly interacts with the NBS1 subunit and phosphorylates the histone variant H2AX on Ser139. This phosphorylation generates binding sites for adaptor proteins wi...
A functional MRN complex is required for ATM activation after DSBs. The complex functions upstream of ATM in mammalian cells and induces conformational changes that facilitate an increase in the affinity of ATM towards its substrates, such as CHK2 and p53.Inactive ATM is present in the cells without DSBs as dimers or multimers. Upon DNA damage, ATM...
People who carry a heterozygous ATM mutation have increased risk of mainly pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, stomach cancer and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Homozygous ATM mutation confers the disease ataxia–telangiectasia (AT), a rare human disease characterized by cerebellar degeneration, extreme cellular sensitivity to radiation an...
Mutations in the ATM gene are found at relatively low frequencies in sporadic cancers. According to COSMIC, the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer, the frequencies with which heterozygous mutations in ATM are found in common cancers include 0.7% in 713 ovarian cancers, 0.9% in central nervous system cancers, 1.9% in 1,120 breast cancers, 2.1%...
ATM is one of the DNA repair genes frequently hypermethylated in its promoter region in various cancers (see table of such genes in Cancer epigenetics). The promoter methylation of ATM causes reduced protein or mRNAexpression of ATM. More than 73% of brain tumors were found to be methylated in the ATM gene promoter and there was strong inverse corr...
ATM functions during meiotic prophase. The wild-type ATM gene is expressed at a four-fold increased level in human testes compared to somatic cells (such as skin fibroblasts). In both mice and humans, ATM deficiency results in female and male infertility. Deficient ATM expression causes severe meiotic disruption during prophase I. In addition, impa...
Several ATM kinase inhibitors are currently known, some of which are already in clinical trials. One of the first discovered ATM inhibitors is caffeine with an IC50 of 0.2 mM and only a low selectivity within the PIKK family. Wortmannin is an irreversible inhibitor of ATM with no selectivity over other related PIKK and PI3K kinases. The most import...
The Tefu protein of Drosophila melanogaster is a structural and functional homolog of the human ATM protein. Tefu, like ATM, is required for DNA repair and normal levels of meiotic recombination in oocytes.
Rotary - and fixed-wing aircraft, unmanned combat aerial vehicles, tripods, ships, ground vehicles. The AGM-114 Hellfire is an American air-to-surface missile (ASM) first developed for anti-armor use, [6] later developed for precision [7] drone strikes against other target types, especially high-value targets. [8]
Jannik Sinner defeated Daniil Medvedev in a five-set final to win his first major title at the Australian Open, becoming the first Italian to win the title. The 2024 ATP Tour is the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2024 tennis season.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For the chamber ensemble, see Fibonacci Sequence (ensemble). A tiling with squares whose side lengths are successive Fibonacci numbers: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 and 21. In mathematics, the Fibonacci sequence is a sequence in which each number is the sum of the two preceding ones.