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Nominal cell voltage. 3.6 / 3.7 / 3.8 / 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V, Li4Ti5O12 2.3 V. A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses the reversible intercalation of Li + ions into electronically conducting solids to store energy. In comparison with other commercial rechargeable batteries, Li-ion batteries are ...
- 250–693 Wh/L (0.90–2.49 MJ/L)
- 100–265 Wh/kg (0.360–0.954 MJ/kg)
- 7.6 Wh/US$ (US$132/kWh)
The iPhone is a line of smartphones produced by Apple Inc. that use Apple's own iOS mobile operating system. The first-generation iPhone was announced by then–Apple CEO Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007. Since then, Apple has annually released new iPhone models and iOS updates. As of November 1, 2018, more than 2.2 billion iPhones had been sold.
- 2.2 billion (as of November 1, 2018)
- iOS
- History
- Specifications
- Comparison with Other Battery Types
- Uses
- External Links
LiFePO4 is a natural mineral of the olivine family (triphylite). Arumugam Manthiram and John B. Goodenough first identified the polyanion class of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. LiFePO4 was then identified as a cathode material belonging to the polyanion class for use in batteries in 1996 by Padhi et al. Reversible extraction of lithi...
Cell voltageVolumetric energy density = 220 Wh/L(790 kJ/L)Gravimetric energy density > 90 Wh/kg (> 320 J/g). Up to 160 Wh/kg(580 J/g).Cycle life from 2,700 to more than 10,000 cycles depending on conditions.The LFP battery uses a lithium-ion-derived chemistry and shares many advantages and disadvantages with other lithium-ion battery chemistries. However, there are significant differences.
Home energy storage
Enphase pioneered LFP along with SunFusion Energy Systems LifePO4 Ultra-Safe ECHO 2.0 and Guardian E2.0 home or business energy storage batteries for reasons of cost and fire safety, although the market remains split among competing chemistries. Though lower energy density compared to other lithium chemistries adds mass and volume, both may be more tolerable in a static application. In 2021, there were several suppliers to the home end user market, including SonnenBatterie and Enphase. Tesla...
Vehicles
Higher discharge rates needed for acceleration, lower weight and longer life makes this battery type ideal for forklifts, bicycles and electric cars. 12 V LiFePO4batteries are also gaining popularity as a second (house) battery for a caravan, motor-home or boat. Tesla Motors uses LFP batteries in all standard-range Models 3 and Y made after October 2021 except for standard-range vehicles made with 4680 cells starting in 2022, which use an NMCchemistry. As of September 2022, LFP batteries had...
Solar-powered lighting systems
Single "14500" (AA battery–sized) LFP cells are now used in some solar-powered landscape lighting instead of 1.2 V NiCd/NiMH.[citation needed] LFP's higher[clarification needed] (3.2 V) working voltage lets a single cell drive an LED without circuitry to step up the voltage. Its increased tolerance to modest overcharging (compared to other Li cell types) means that LiFePO4can be connected to photovoltaic cells without circuitry to halt the recharge cycle. By 2013, better solar-charged passive...
John (12 March 2022). "Factors Need To Pay Attention Before Install Your Lithium LFP Battery". Happysun Media Solar-Europe.
The iPhone [10] (retroactively referred to as the iPhone 2G, [11] iPhone 1, [12] or original iPhone [11]) is the first iPhone model and the first smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. After years of rumors and speculation, it was officially announced on January 9, 2007, [13] and was released in the United States on June 29 ...
3LR12 (4.5-volt), D, C, AA, AAA, AAAA (1.5-volt), A23 (12-volt), PP3 (9-volt), CR2032 (3-volt), and LR44 (1.5-volt) batteries. This is a list of the sizes, shapes, and general characteristics of some common primary and secondary battery types in household, automotive and light industrial use. The complete nomenclature for a battery specifies ...
It originated as a schematic drawing of the earliest type of battery, a voltaic pile. An electric battery is a source of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections [1] for powering electrical devices. When a battery is supplying power, its positive terminal is the cathode and its negative terminal ...
the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit. 6,817,970 articles in English. From today's featured article. The band Cream, with Eric Clapton (right) "Cross Road Blues" is a song written by the American blues artist Robert Johnson. He sang it as a solo piece with acoustic slide guitar in the Delta blues style. The lyrics describe Johnson's grief ...
