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  1. Videos & Tools. Watch health videos on topics such as anatomy, body systems, and surgical procedures. Test your health knowledge with quizzes. Check your health with calculators and questionnaires.

    • Summary
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    • Diagnosis and Tests
    • Treatments and Therapies
    • Related Issues
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    • Genetics
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    • Clinical Trials
    • Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

    Your thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It makes hormones that control the way the body uses energy. These hormones affect nearly every organ in your body and control many of your body's most important functions. For example, they affect your breathing, heart rate, weight, digestion, and moods.

    Thyroid diseases cause your thyroid to make either too much or too little of the hormones. Some of the different thyroid diseases include:

    •Goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland

    •Hyperthyroidism, which happens when your thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormones than your body needs

    •Hypothyroidism, which happens when your thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormones

    •Thyroid cancer

    •Thyroid and Parathyroid Hormones (Endocrine Society)

    •Thyroid Disease (Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health) Also in Spanish

    •Needle Biopsy (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in Spanish

    •Thyroid Antibodies (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish

    •Thyroid Scan and Uptake (American College of Radiology; Radiological Society of North America) Also in Spanish

    •Thyroid Tests (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) Also in Spanish

    •Thyroxine (T4) Test (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish

    •Triiodothyronine (T3) Tests (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish

    •Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Thyroid Disease (CAM) (American Thyroid Association)

    •Older Therapies Aren't Necessarily Better for Thyroid Hormone Replacement (Food and Drug Administration)

    •Thyroid Hormone Treatment (American Thyroid Association) Also in Spanish

    •Thyroid Surgery (American Thyroid Association) Also in Spanish

    •Celiac Disease and Thyroid Conditions (Gluten Intolerance Group)

    •Pendred Syndrome (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders) Also in Spanish

    •Thyroid Eye Disorders (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)

    •Thyroid Nodules (Endocrine Society) Also in Spanish

    •Inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)

    •Pendred syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)

    •Thyroidectomy - series (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish

    •ClinicalTrials.gov: Goiter (National Institutes of Health)

    •ClinicalTrials.gov: Thyroid Diseases (National Institutes of Health)

  2. ABG. Arterial blood gases. You may have an ABG test to detect lung diseases. ACE. Angiotensin converting enzyme. Drugs called ACE inhibitors are used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, diabetes and kidney diseases. ACL. Anterior cruciate ligament. Commonly injured part of the knee.

  3. Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. If your hemoglobin levels are abnormal, it may be a sign that you have a blood disorder. Other names: Hb, Hgb. What is it used for?

  4. A hematocrit test is a blood test that measures how much of your blood is made up of red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. The other parts of your blood include white blood cells (to help fight infection), platelets (to help make blood clots to stop bleeding ), and a liquid called plasma.

  5. Hydrochlorothiazide is used to treat edema (fluid retention; excess fluid held in body tissues) caused by various medical problems, including heart, kidney, and liver disease and to treat edema caused by using certain medications including estrogen and corticosteroids.

  6. What is an MCV Blood Test? MCV stands for mean corpuscular volume. An MCV blood test measures the average size of your red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to every cell in your body. Your cells need oxygen to grow, reproduce, and stay healthy.

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